ability to keep oil at their surface. On the other hand, an increase in oil viscosity
enhances the oil recovery rate.
Moreover, they investigated the effect of operational parameters like recovery
surface material, speed of drum, oil properties, thickness of oil slick, and temperature
on the efficiency of drum skimmer with oleophilic surface in another study (Broje
and Keller 2007a). Three types of drum cover (aluminum, polyethylene, and neoprene) and oils (Diesel, Endicott, and HydroCal 300) were tested.
The results showed that the neoprene cover had better efficiency than aluminum
or polyethylene covers in oil removal for thicker slick and low viscosity oil. While,
for thin oil slicks polyethylene had the highest effectiveness. The recovery rate also
increased for thicker oil slicks and decreased for thinner oil slicks with increasing the
oil viscosity. Figure 12.2 illustrates the effect of thickness of oil slick, drum speed,
and temperature on the HydroCal recovery rate of drum with aluminum cover.
The obtained results showed that an increase in the thickness of slick (two or three
times) increases the recovery rates, but there is no significant change for the light oil.
At low temperatures, HydroCal and Endicott oil recovery rates were higher than at
the warmer temperatures. This is caused by the temperature impact on the oil
viscosity.
However, using conventional skimmers is not feasible in turbulent conditions and
when the oil slicks are thin. A 3D (three-dimensional) printed superhydrophobic–
oleophilic mesh based oil skimmer was fabricated and its surface modified with
octadecyltrichlorosilane (Yan et al. 2016). On-site and rapid fabrication is the
notable advantage of the presented production method. This oil skimmer contained
a top 3D printed mesh cap to remove the spilled oil and a bottom vessel to collect the
removed oil (Fig. 12.3).
The modified mesh had water contact angle of 150
, which shows its
superhydrophobicity. The oil removal efficiency of the designed skimmer was
more than 90% for hexadecane, gasoline, corn and mineral oils. Pore diameter of
Fig. 12.2 The effect of thickness of oil slick, drum speed, and temperature on the HydroCal
recovery rate using aluminum drum. (Modified after Broje and Keller2007a)
12 Remediation of Pollution by Oil Spills
397
enhances the oil recovery rate.
Moreover, they investigated the effect of operational parameters like recovery
surface material, speed of drum, oil properties, thickness of oil slick, and temperature
on the efficiency of drum skimmer with oleophilic surface in another study (Broje
and Keller 2007a). Three types of drum cover (aluminum, polyethylene, and neoprene) and oils (Diesel, Endicott, and HydroCal 300) were tested.
The results showed that the neoprene cover had better efficiency than aluminum
or polyethylene covers in oil removal for thicker slick and low viscosity oil. While,
for thin oil slicks polyethylene had the highest effectiveness. The recovery rate also
increased for thicker oil slicks and decreased for thinner oil slicks with increasing the
oil viscosity. Figure 12.2 illustrates the effect of thickness of oil slick, drum speed,
and temperature on the HydroCal recovery rate of drum with aluminum cover.
The obtained results showed that an increase in the thickness of slick (two or three
times) increases the recovery rates, but there is no significant change for the light oil.
At low temperatures, HydroCal and Endicott oil recovery rates were higher than at
the warmer temperatures. This is caused by the temperature impact on the oil
viscosity.
However, using conventional skimmers is not feasible in turbulent conditions and
when the oil slicks are thin. A 3D (three-dimensional) printed superhydrophobic–
oleophilic mesh based oil skimmer was fabricated and its surface modified with
octadecyltrichlorosilane (Yan et al. 2016). On-site and rapid fabrication is the
notable advantage of the presented production method. This oil skimmer contained
a top 3D printed mesh cap to remove the spilled oil and a bottom vessel to collect the
removed oil (Fig. 12.3).
The modified mesh had water contact angle of 150
, which shows its
superhydrophobicity. The oil removal efficiency of the designed skimmer was
more than 90% for hexadecane, gasoline, corn and mineral oils. Pore diameter of
Fig. 12.2 The effect of thickness of oil slick, drum speed, and temperature on the HydroCal
recovery rate using aluminum drum. (Modified after Broje and Keller2007a)
12 Remediation of Pollution by Oil Spills
397