Altmann et al.
(2014)
CBZ at 1.2–2.5
μg/L and
DCF at 2.6–5.8
μg/L
Real
municipal
wastewater
O
3 (15 mg/L) and
q
PAC
(doses of 2.5–50 mg/L)
Bench
Target compounds and
DOC
Concentrations of CBZ
and DCF were reduced
by more than 90% with
20 mg/L PAC or 5–7 mg/
L O
3
Lee et al.
(2014)
DCF and CBZ at 1
μM
Ultrapure
water
Cu(II)-catalyzed Fenton and
photo-Fenton
Effect parameters: pH, cu
(II) concentration, and radical scavengers
Bench
Target compounds
The optimal degradation
of the target contaminants was observed at
pH 8
Ahmed et al.
(2014)
DCF and CBZ at 50
μM
Real
wastewater
Homogeneous photo-Fenton
with peroxymonosulfate
Bench
Target compounds and
TOC
Kinetic rate constants
were always 10 times
higher in Fe(II)/UV than
in TiO
2 /UV system
Yao et al.
(2016)
DCF and IBP at 400
μg/L Real
wastewater
Conventional ozonation and
the electro-peroxone
(E-peroxone)
Bench
Target compounds
The E-peroxone process
enhanced the removal
kinetics of ozone refractory pharmaceuticals in
the four secondary effluents by ~40–170%
Coupling AOPs with other treatment processes
Nakada et al.
(2007)
24 pharmaceutically
active compounds
including IBP and CBZ at
ng/L
Real
municipal
wastewater
Sand
filtration followed by
ozonation
Flow rate and retention
time through the sand were
110 m/day and 1 h
[O
3 ] and retention time
were 3 mg/L and 27 min
Full
scale
Target compounds
Combination of ozonation and sand
filtration
with activated sludge
treatment gave efficient
removal (>80%) of all the
target compounds except
carbamazepine
(continued)
10 Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment and. . .
327
(2014)
CBZ at 1.2–2.5
μg/L and
DCF at 2.6–5.8
μg/L
Real
municipal
wastewater
O
3 (15 mg/L) and
q
PAC
(doses of 2.5–50 mg/L)
Bench
Target compounds and
DOC
Concentrations of CBZ
and DCF were reduced
by more than 90% with
20 mg/L PAC or 5–7 mg/
L O
3
Lee et al.
(2014)
DCF and CBZ at 1
μM
Ultrapure
water
Cu(II)-catalyzed Fenton and
photo-Fenton
Effect parameters: pH, cu
(II) concentration, and radical scavengers
Bench
Target compounds
The optimal degradation
of the target contaminants was observed at
pH 8
Ahmed et al.
(2014)
DCF and CBZ at 50
μM
Real
wastewater
Homogeneous photo-Fenton
with peroxymonosulfate
Bench
Target compounds and
TOC
Kinetic rate constants
were always 10 times
higher in Fe(II)/UV than
in TiO
2 /UV system
Yao et al.
(2016)
DCF and IBP at 400
μg/L Real
wastewater
Conventional ozonation and
the electro-peroxone
(E-peroxone)
Bench
Target compounds
The E-peroxone process
enhanced the removal
kinetics of ozone refractory pharmaceuticals in
the four secondary effluents by ~40–170%
Coupling AOPs with other treatment processes
Nakada et al.
(2007)
24 pharmaceutically
active compounds
including IBP and CBZ at
ng/L
Real
municipal
wastewater
Sand
filtration followed by
ozonation
Flow rate and retention
time through the sand were
110 m/day and 1 h
[O
3 ] and retention time
were 3 mg/L and 27 min
Full
scale
Target compounds
Combination of ozonation and sand
filtration
with activated sludge
treatment gave efficient
removal (>80%) of all the
target compounds except
carbamazepine
(continued)
10 Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment and. . .
327