Table 8.4 (continued)
Industries
Pollutants
Adverse effects
References
Refinery
Desalter
Suspended solids,
dissolved hydrocarbons, phenol, benzene, nitrogen
compounds, Sulphur
compound
Damage the brain
and nervous system
Central Pollution Control Board, India
(2018), Pathak and
Mandalia (2012),
Speight (2014),
Radelyuk et al. (2019),
and Pak and
Mohammadi (2008)
Dizziness and
unconsciousness
May cause cancer.
Corrosion of equipment for the presence of Sulphur,
nitrogen compounds
and suspended
solids.
Atmospheric
distillation
Mercaptan, hydrogen sulphide, chlorides, suspended
hydrocarbons
Irritation of eye skin Pathak and Mandalia
(2012), Speight (2014),
Radelyuk et al. (2019),
and Pak and
Mohammadi (2008)
Respiratory tract,
headache, dizziness,
tremors and seizures
Nausea and
vomiting
Vacuum
distillation
Phenol, heavy
hydrocarbons
Toxic, dangerous for
central nervous
system
Olajire (2014), Damian
(2013), Pathak and
Mandalia (2012), and
Pak and Mohammadi
(2008)
Blockage of equipment and pipelines
Cracking
Suspended solids
(fine cokes), phenol,
o,m,p-cresol, ammonia, oily sour water,
hydrogen cyanide
Breathing problems
International Petroleum
Industry Environmental Conservation Association (2010), Environmental Update #12,
2003, and Pathak and
Mandalia (2012)
Headache, dizziness, weakness
Seizures, fainting
and even rapid
death.
Irritation and burning of skin, eyes,
mouth and throat
Abdominal pain and
vomiting
Heart damage,
anaemia, liver and
kidney damage,
facial paralysis,
coma
Reforming
Suspended solids,
oily water, spent
catalyst
Plugging lines
International Petroleum
Industry Environmental
Conservation Association (2010), Environmental Update #12,
2003, and Patwardhan
(2008)
(continued)
244
M. Samanta and D. Mitra