Table 8.4 Undesirable effects of water pollutants from petroleum industries
Industries
Pollutants
Adverse effects
References
Drilling/
exploration/
upstream
Seismic
survey
Explosive
chemicals
Greater risk of long
term effects for children and older
people.
Damian (2013) and
Palaniandy et al. (2017)
May damage the
hearing ability of
various marine
species
Exploratory
drilling
Drilling fluids,
hydraulic fluids,
lubricants, additives,
oil sludge, oil spills
Corrosive and toxic
Damian (2013), Environmental Pollution
Centers, India (2017),
Palaniandy et al.
(2017), and Olajire
(2014)
Damage the liver,
kidney, brain of living beings
Cause cancer, affect
the immune system
and lead to reproductive failure
Decrease the aquatic
population
Construction Lubricants, solvents,
paints
May damage the
liver, kidneys, heart,
blood vessels, vessels, bone marrow
and the nervous
system.
Damian (2013),
Palaniandy et al.
(2017), and Olajire
(2014)
May cause skin disorders and
dermatitis
Production
Production
chemicals, sludge
bottom
Allergies or asthma
problems
Damian (2013),
Palaniandy et al.
(2017), and Olajire
(2014)
Adverse effects on
the mental, common
sense or physical
development of children corrosion of
equipments and
blockage of pipe line
Maintenance Lubricants, spent
solvents
Irritation and
increased risk of
infection from even
short-term exposure.
Patwardhan (2008) and
Helmy and Kardena
(2015)
Poisoning, muscle
weakness, intestinal
blockage, skin sores
and breathing
problems.
(continued)
8 Treatment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollutants in Water
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