Table 5.4 Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with various nanomaterials
Polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbon Nanomaterial
Process details and result
Reference
Anthracene
ZnO/MnO
Under ultraviolet irradiation
anthracene was converted into
anthraquinone
Martínez-Vargas
et al. (2019)
Naphthalene Co 3 O 4 /Bi 2 O 2 CO 3
Within 150 min of reaction,
91.02% naphthalene was
degraded
Guo et al. (2018)
Phenanthrene TiO 2 /titanate
93.2% of degradation within 4 h
under ultraviolet light
Cheng et al.
(2019)
Napthalene
Ni/TiO 2
Composite showed double
removaltendency than TiO 2
Sharma and Lee,
(2015)
Napthalene
SiO 2 /TiO 2
Complete mineralization
Grover et al.
(2017)
Anthracene
SiO 2 /TiO 2
Mineralization after 240 min of
reaction under ultraviolet light
Grover et al.
(2017)
Phenanthrene Gd 2 O 2 CO 3 ÁZnOÁCuO Under ultraviolet exposure 99.6%
phenanthrene was degraded
within 180 min
Mukwevho et al.
(2019)
Six, five and
four ring
membered
Biochar/Fe 3 O 4 /
sodium persulfate
Degraded to 90%, 84%, and 87% Dong et al. (2018)
Anthracene
Cu@ZnO
90% of anthracene degradation
Chen et al. (2013)
Phenanthrene Cu@ZnO
50% of phenanthrene degradation Chen et al. (2013)
Naphthalene Cu@ZnO
10% naphthalene degradation
Chen et al. (2013)
Phenanthrene Fe(III)/TiO 2
Under visible light
phenanthrenedegraded into quinone and phthalic
Theerakarunwong
and Phanichphant,
(2018)
Chrysene
Fe 2 O 3 @zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 92% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker (2018)
Benzo[a]
anthracene
ZnO@ zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 93% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker (2019a)
Benzo[a]
pyrene
ZnO@ zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 90% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker et al.
(2019a)
Naphthalene Ti/ZnO–Cr 2 O 3
Under visible light 90.2% degradation obtained within 240 min
Xia et al. (2015)
Naphthalene Carbon nanotubes/
WO 3
Higher surface area and activity
degraded naphthalene into smaller
and safer products
Farhadian et al.
(2016)
Benzo[a]
pyrene
Carbon dots/fatty
acid/ Fe 3 O 4
93.9% of the targeted pollutant
was removed
Yang et al. (2019)
Phenanthrene Graphene oxideTiO 2 -Sr(OH) 2 /SrCO 3
Nanocomposite facilitated the use
of both ultraviolet as well as visible light energy from the sunlight
Fu et al. (2018)
(continued)
154
Rachna et al.
Polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbon Nanomaterial
Process details and result
Reference
Anthracene
ZnO/MnO
Under ultraviolet irradiation
anthracene was converted into
anthraquinone
Martínez-Vargas
et al. (2019)
Naphthalene Co 3 O 4 /Bi 2 O 2 CO 3
Within 150 min of reaction,
91.02% naphthalene was
degraded
Guo et al. (2018)
Phenanthrene TiO 2 /titanate
93.2% of degradation within 4 h
under ultraviolet light
Cheng et al.
(2019)
Napthalene
Ni/TiO 2
Composite showed double
removaltendency than TiO 2
Sharma and Lee,
(2015)
Napthalene
SiO 2 /TiO 2
Complete mineralization
Grover et al.
(2017)
Anthracene
SiO 2 /TiO 2
Mineralization after 240 min of
reaction under ultraviolet light
Grover et al.
(2017)
Phenanthrene Gd 2 O 2 CO 3 ÁZnOÁCuO Under ultraviolet exposure 99.6%
phenanthrene was degraded
within 180 min
Mukwevho et al.
(2019)
Six, five and
four ring
membered
Biochar/Fe 3 O 4 /
sodium persulfate
Degraded to 90%, 84%, and 87% Dong et al. (2018)
Anthracene
Cu@ZnO
90% of anthracene degradation
Chen et al. (2013)
Phenanthrene Cu@ZnO
50% of phenanthrene degradation Chen et al. (2013)
Naphthalene Cu@ZnO
10% naphthalene degradation
Chen et al. (2013)
Phenanthrene Fe(III)/TiO 2
Under visible light
phenanthrenedegraded into quinone and phthalic
Theerakarunwong
and Phanichphant,
(2018)
Chrysene
Fe 2 O 3 @zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 92% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker (2018)
Benzo[a]
anthracene
ZnO@ zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 93% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker (2019a)
Benzo[a]
pyrene
ZnO@ zinc
hexacyanoferrate
Under sunlight 90% degradation
was obtained after 24 h
Rachna and
Shanker et al.
(2019a)
Naphthalene Ti/ZnO–Cr 2 O 3
Under visible light 90.2% degradation obtained within 240 min
Xia et al. (2015)
Naphthalene Carbon nanotubes/
WO 3
Higher surface area and activity
degraded naphthalene into smaller
and safer products
Farhadian et al.
(2016)
Benzo[a]
pyrene
Carbon dots/fatty
acid/ Fe 3 O 4
93.9% of the targeted pollutant
was removed
Yang et al. (2019)
Phenanthrene Graphene oxideTiO 2 -Sr(OH) 2 /SrCO 3
Nanocomposite facilitated the use
of both ultraviolet as well as visible light energy from the sunlight
Fu et al. (2018)
(continued)
154
Rachna et al.