190
Meindersma GW, Guijt CM, De Haan AB (2006) Desalination and water recycling by air gap membrane distillation. Desalination 187(1–3):291–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.04.088
Meng S, Ye Y, Mansouri J, Chen V (2014) Fouling and crystallisation behaviour of superhydrophobic nano-composite PVDF membranes in direct contact membrane distillation. J Membr Sci
463:102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.03.027
Morel F, Hering JG, Hering JG (1993) Principles and applications of aquatic chemistry. Wiley,
New York
Mosadegh-Sedghi S, Rodrigue D, Brisson J, Iliuta MC (2014) Wetting phenomenon in membrane contactors–causes and prevention. J Membr Sci 452:332–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
memsci.2013.09.055
Naidu G, Jeong S, Kim S-J, Kim IS, Vigneswaran S (2014) Organic fouling behavior in direct contact
membrane distillation. Desalination 347:230–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.05.045
Naidu G, Jeong S, Vigneswaran S, Hwang T-M, Choi Y-J, Kim S-H (2016) A review on fouling of membrane distillation. Desalin Water Treat 57(22):10052–10076. https://doi.org/10.108
0/19443994.2015.1040271
Pangarkar BL, Sane MG, Parjane SB, Guddad M (2011) Vacuum membrane distillation for desalination of ground water by using flat sheet membrane. Int J Chem Biol Eng 5:13–18. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018
Phattaranawik J, Jiraratananon R, Fane AG (2003) Effect of pore size distribution and air flux on
mass transport in direct contact membrane distillation. J Membr Sci 215(1–2):75–85. https://
doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00603-8
Prince JA, Rana D, Matsuura T, Ayyanar N, Shanmugasundaram TS, Singh G (2014) Nanofiber
based triple layer hydro-philic/−phobic membrane-a solution for pore wetting in membrane
distillation. Sci Rep 4:6949. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06949
Purkait MK, Singh R (2018) Membrane technology in separation science. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Rácz G, Kerker S, Kovács Z, Vatai G, Ebrahimi M, Czermak P (2014) Theoretical and experimental approaches of liquid entry pressure determination in membrane distillation processes.
Periodica Polytechnica. Chem Eng 58(2):81. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPch.2179
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Li C-W, Nguyen NC, Nguyen HT (2016) A comprehensive review: electrospinning technique for fabrication and surface modification of membranes for water treatment
application. RSC Adv 6(88):85495–85514. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA14952A
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Nguyen NC, Hsu H-T, Nguyen HT, Chang C-T (2017) Poly (vinyl alcohol)
incorporated with surfactant based electrospun nanofibrous layer onto polypropylene mat for
improved desalination by using membrane distillation. Desalination 414:18–27. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.desal.2017.03.032
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Hsu H-T, Cao D-T, Nguyen H-T, Nguyen NC (2017a) Uniform hydrophobic electrospun nanofibrous layer composed of polysulfone and sodium dodecyl sulfate for
improved desalination performance. Sep Purif Technol 186:352–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
seppur.2017.06.032
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Chang H-M, Thanh CND, Le HQ, Nguyen NC (2018a) Enhanced desalination using a three-layer OTMS based superhydrophobic membrane for a membrane distillation
process. RSC Adv 8(18):9640–9650. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA01043A
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Dan CTN, Hsu H-T, Chang H-M, Nguyen NC, Nguyen H-T (2018b) Casting
of a superhydrophobic membrane composed of polysulfone/Cera flava for improved desalination using a membrane distillation process. RSC Adv 8(4):1808–1819. https://doi.org/10.1039/
C7RA12474K
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Sangeetha D, Chang H-M, Thanh CND, Le QH, Ku H-M (2018c) Developments
in forward osmosis and membrane distillation for desalination of waters. Environ Chem
Lett:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0750-7
Ray SS, Gandhi M, Chen SS, Chang HM, Dan CTN, Le HQ (2018d) Anti-wetting behaviour of a
superhydrophobic octadecyltrimethoxysilane blended PVDF/recycled carbon black composite
membrane for enhanced desalination. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EW00451J
S. S. Ray et al.
Meindersma GW, Guijt CM, De Haan AB (2006) Desalination and water recycling by air gap membrane distillation. Desalination 187(1–3):291–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.04.088
Meng S, Ye Y, Mansouri J, Chen V (2014) Fouling and crystallisation behaviour of superhydrophobic nano-composite PVDF membranes in direct contact membrane distillation. J Membr Sci
463:102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.03.027
Morel F, Hering JG, Hering JG (1993) Principles and applications of aquatic chemistry. Wiley,
New York
Mosadegh-Sedghi S, Rodrigue D, Brisson J, Iliuta MC (2014) Wetting phenomenon in membrane contactors–causes and prevention. J Membr Sci 452:332–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
memsci.2013.09.055
Naidu G, Jeong S, Kim S-J, Kim IS, Vigneswaran S (2014) Organic fouling behavior in direct contact
membrane distillation. Desalination 347:230–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.05.045
Naidu G, Jeong S, Vigneswaran S, Hwang T-M, Choi Y-J, Kim S-H (2016) A review on fouling of membrane distillation. Desalin Water Treat 57(22):10052–10076. https://doi.org/10.108
0/19443994.2015.1040271
Pangarkar BL, Sane MG, Parjane SB, Guddad M (2011) Vacuum membrane distillation for desalination of ground water by using flat sheet membrane. Int J Chem Biol Eng 5:13–18. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018
Phattaranawik J, Jiraratananon R, Fane AG (2003) Effect of pore size distribution and air flux on
mass transport in direct contact membrane distillation. J Membr Sci 215(1–2):75–85. https://
doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00603-8
Prince JA, Rana D, Matsuura T, Ayyanar N, Shanmugasundaram TS, Singh G (2014) Nanofiber
based triple layer hydro-philic/−phobic membrane-a solution for pore wetting in membrane
distillation. Sci Rep 4:6949. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06949
Purkait MK, Singh R (2018) Membrane technology in separation science. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Rácz G, Kerker S, Kovács Z, Vatai G, Ebrahimi M, Czermak P (2014) Theoretical and experimental approaches of liquid entry pressure determination in membrane distillation processes.
Periodica Polytechnica. Chem Eng 58(2):81. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPch.2179
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Li C-W, Nguyen NC, Nguyen HT (2016) A comprehensive review: electrospinning technique for fabrication and surface modification of membranes for water treatment
application. RSC Adv 6(88):85495–85514. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA14952A
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Nguyen NC, Hsu H-T, Nguyen HT, Chang C-T (2017) Poly (vinyl alcohol)
incorporated with surfactant based electrospun nanofibrous layer onto polypropylene mat for
improved desalination by using membrane distillation. Desalination 414:18–27. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.desal.2017.03.032
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Hsu H-T, Cao D-T, Nguyen H-T, Nguyen NC (2017a) Uniform hydrophobic electrospun nanofibrous layer composed of polysulfone and sodium dodecyl sulfate for
improved desalination performance. Sep Purif Technol 186:352–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
seppur.2017.06.032
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Chang H-M, Thanh CND, Le HQ, Nguyen NC (2018a) Enhanced desalination using a three-layer OTMS based superhydrophobic membrane for a membrane distillation
process. RSC Adv 8(18):9640–9650. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA01043A
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Dan CTN, Hsu H-T, Chang H-M, Nguyen NC, Nguyen H-T (2018b) Casting
of a superhydrophobic membrane composed of polysulfone/Cera flava for improved desalination using a membrane distillation process. RSC Adv 8(4):1808–1819. https://doi.org/10.1039/
C7RA12474K
Ray SS, Chen S-S, Sangeetha D, Chang H-M, Thanh CND, Le QH, Ku H-M (2018c) Developments
in forward osmosis and membrane distillation for desalination of waters. Environ Chem
Lett:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0750-7
Ray SS, Gandhi M, Chen SS, Chang HM, Dan CTN, Le HQ (2018d) Anti-wetting behaviour of a
superhydrophobic octadecyltrimethoxysilane blended PVDF/recycled carbon black composite
membrane for enhanced desalination. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EW00451J
S. S. Ray et al.