(2016) standardized initial pH for production of four different hydrolytic enzymes by
A. oryzae FK-923 and observed the initial pH series from 4.5 to 5.5 supported the
highest degree of enzymes production, i.e., 116.8, 129.2, 148.8, and 686.2 U/g for
FPase, CMCase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase, respectively. In another study, Pandey
et al. (2015) standardized initial pH for production of exo, endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases
by eight different Trichoderma sp. and found that better pH for enzyme production
was noticed ranging from 4 to 6. Nathan et al. (2014) observed that at neutral pH
CMCase showed higher yield on third to fifth day followed by a quick decrease in
enzyme production and FPase exhibited the highest yield at neutral pH on the fifth
day of incubation under SmF for T. viride VKF3 strain. Similarly, maximum
secretion of exo and endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases of 1.22 IU/mL and 1.82 IU/mL was
observed at pH 5.5, respectively, by P. lilacinum. In this cellulase activity enhanced
with raise in pH up to 5.5 and later declined at higher pH (Srilakshmi et al. 2017).
Optimum pH for cellulase production by A. terreus and T. reesei was reported at
pH 5.5 (Shahriarinour et al. 2011).
Optimum pH is 6.5 (1.68 U/ml) for maximum production of cellulase
(Mushimiyimana and Tallapragada 2015). Highest enzyme production such as
endoglucanase (15.93 IU/gds), cellobiohydrolase (3.59 IU/gds), and β-glucosidase
(41.59 IU/gds) was recorded at initial medium pH 5.0 on third day (Jain and Jain
2016). Higher enzyme production was noticed at pH 6.0 (Shah et al. 2015). Notably,
solid-state processing augmented the production of enzyme at pH 9.0 (Akurathi and
Thoti 2018). pH 5.0 was found to be the best pH for the production of cellulolytic
enzyme (Amaeze et al. 2015). The optimal pH for higher production of cellulase is
pH 5 (Faisal and Benjamin 2016). Ire et al. (2018) studied that the most favorable pH
value for production of cellulase using Penicillium sp. was pH 5 with utmost
cellulase activity of 37.32 IU/mL.
3.5.5 Temperature
Temperature, like any other physical parameters, plays an important role in
solid-state fermentation system. A number of researchers have studied various
temperatures for maximum cellulolytic enzymes production both in the flask and
in fermenter levels by Aspergillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. telling that the best
temperature for cellulase production also relies on strain distinction of organism
(Yoon et al. 2014). Incubation at elevated temperature influences fungal growth
which effects enzyme production. As the enzyme is a prime metabolite produced in
the exponential growth phase, incubation at higher temperature could lead to meager
growth and therefore decrease in enzyme activity. However, the best possible
temperature for cellulase synthesis usually drops between 25 and 30
C. It is notable
that SSF performed at higher temperature shows an unfavorable result on cellulase
production, since enzymes produced could be denatured. This recommends that an
attractive temperature should be a compromise among optimal temperature for
cellulolytic enzymes synthesis and fungal development too (Yoon et al. 2014).
3 Influence of Significant Parameters on Cellulase Production by Solid-State. . .
83
A. oryzae FK-923 and observed the initial pH series from 4.5 to 5.5 supported the
highest degree of enzymes production, i.e., 116.8, 129.2, 148.8, and 686.2 U/g for
FPase, CMCase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase, respectively. In another study, Pandey
et al. (2015) standardized initial pH for production of exo, endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases
by eight different Trichoderma sp. and found that better pH for enzyme production
was noticed ranging from 4 to 6. Nathan et al. (2014) observed that at neutral pH
CMCase showed higher yield on third to fifth day followed by a quick decrease in
enzyme production and FPase exhibited the highest yield at neutral pH on the fifth
day of incubation under SmF for T. viride VKF3 strain. Similarly, maximum
secretion of exo and endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases of 1.22 IU/mL and 1.82 IU/mL was
observed at pH 5.5, respectively, by P. lilacinum. In this cellulase activity enhanced
with raise in pH up to 5.5 and later declined at higher pH (Srilakshmi et al. 2017).
Optimum pH for cellulase production by A. terreus and T. reesei was reported at
pH 5.5 (Shahriarinour et al. 2011).
Optimum pH is 6.5 (1.68 U/ml) for maximum production of cellulase
(Mushimiyimana and Tallapragada 2015). Highest enzyme production such as
endoglucanase (15.93 IU/gds), cellobiohydrolase (3.59 IU/gds), and β-glucosidase
(41.59 IU/gds) was recorded at initial medium pH 5.0 on third day (Jain and Jain
2016). Higher enzyme production was noticed at pH 6.0 (Shah et al. 2015). Notably,
solid-state processing augmented the production of enzyme at pH 9.0 (Akurathi and
Thoti 2018). pH 5.0 was found to be the best pH for the production of cellulolytic
enzyme (Amaeze et al. 2015). The optimal pH for higher production of cellulase is
pH 5 (Faisal and Benjamin 2016). Ire et al. (2018) studied that the most favorable pH
value for production of cellulase using Penicillium sp. was pH 5 with utmost
cellulase activity of 37.32 IU/mL.
3.5.5 Temperature
Temperature, like any other physical parameters, plays an important role in
solid-state fermentation system. A number of researchers have studied various
temperatures for maximum cellulolytic enzymes production both in the flask and
in fermenter levels by Aspergillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. telling that the best
temperature for cellulase production also relies on strain distinction of organism
(Yoon et al. 2014). Incubation at elevated temperature influences fungal growth
which effects enzyme production. As the enzyme is a prime metabolite produced in
the exponential growth phase, incubation at higher temperature could lead to meager
growth and therefore decrease in enzyme activity. However, the best possible
temperature for cellulase synthesis usually drops between 25 and 30
C. It is notable
that SSF performed at higher temperature shows an unfavorable result on cellulase
production, since enzymes produced could be denatured. This recommends that an
attractive temperature should be a compromise among optimal temperature for
cellulolytic enzymes synthesis and fungal development too (Yoon et al. 2014).
3 Influence of Significant Parameters on Cellulase Production by Solid-State. . .
83