Hassan et al. (2016) optimized the incubation temperature for production of
different hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., FPase, CMCase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase by
A. oryzae FK-923 and observed that 30
C is the optimum temperature for maximum
secretion of enzymes, i.e., 96.4, 98.2, 118.2, and 625.6 U/g, respectively. Sethi and
Gupta (2014) optimized the incubation temperature for four different fungal strains,
i.e., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Microsporium sp. to enhance
cellulase enzyme production and found maximum secretion of cellulase enzyme by
A. niger at 40
C. Strikingly, Nathan et al. (2014) found CMCase activity was more
at 25
C on the ninth day while FPase had peak activity at 55
C on the fifth day by
T. viride VKF3 under SmF conditions. In another study, Srilakshmi et al. (2017)
observed that maximum FPase (1.14 IU/ml) and CMCase (2.03 IU/ml) activities
were found during the initial incubation temperature of 30
C. Liang et al. (2012)
observed that 32
C is most fitting for production of cellulase on rice grass by
Aspergillus sp. in SSF. Saini et al. (2017) observed that the higher production of
enzymes was attained at 30
C, resulting in 11.71 U/gds CMCase and 1.31 U/gds
FPase activities by T. reesei grown on Parthenium biomass. Pandey et al. (2015)
optimized the incubation temperature for production of exo, endo-1,4-β-Dglucanases by eight different Trichoderma sp. and found that the better temperature
for enzyme production was noticed between 30 and 40
C.
Zhao et al. (2011) noticed that 28
C was the optimal temperature for production
of cellulase under SSF by T. reesei SEMCC-3217 with water hyacinth as a solid
substrate. An augment or decline in temperature from optimum resulted in the
considerable decrease in cellulolytic enzymes production by fungi. Poor growth of
the T. reesei was observed at elevated temperature which showed a negative effect
on growth and can be interrelated with reduced enzyme secretion (Sethi and Gupta
2014); 25–35
C is, in general, the suitable range of temperature in SSF (Mrudula
and Murugammal 2011) and high temperature is anticipated to denature enzymes
because of heating effects (Yoon et al. 2014). Mushimiyimana and Tallapragada
(2015) explored optimal incubation temperature is 40
C for higher cellulase production. The standardization of incubation temperature for production of enzyme in
SSF explained that enzyme production was enhanced from 20
C to 30
C during
third day of incubation. The production of endoglucanase (20.53 IU/gds),
cellobiohydrolase (4.75 IU/gds), and β-glucosidase (56.98 IU/gds) was recorded
by Jain and Jain (2016). The maximum enzyme production was noticed at a
temperature of 28
C (Shah et al. 2015). SSF improved the production of enzyme
yield as studied by various authors at different temperatures viz. 40
C (Akurathi and
Thoti 2018), at 30
C (Amaeze et al. 2015) and at 40
C (Faisal and Benjamin 2016).
The optimal temperature for cellulase production by Penicillium sp. with corncob is
at 30
C with higher cellulase activity of 37.32 IU/ml reported by Ire et al. (2018).
Faisal and Benjamin (2016) observed that the highest cellulase production was at
40
C. Incubation temperature of 45
C was the optimal for maximum production of
cellulase (Budihal and Agsar 2015).
84
M. Subhosh Chandra et al.
different hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., FPase, CMCase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase by
A. oryzae FK-923 and observed that 30
C is the optimum temperature for maximum
secretion of enzymes, i.e., 96.4, 98.2, 118.2, and 625.6 U/g, respectively. Sethi and
Gupta (2014) optimized the incubation temperature for four different fungal strains,
i.e., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Microsporium sp. to enhance
cellulase enzyme production and found maximum secretion of cellulase enzyme by
A. niger at 40
C. Strikingly, Nathan et al. (2014) found CMCase activity was more
at 25
C on the ninth day while FPase had peak activity at 55
C on the fifth day by
T. viride VKF3 under SmF conditions. In another study, Srilakshmi et al. (2017)
observed that maximum FPase (1.14 IU/ml) and CMCase (2.03 IU/ml) activities
were found during the initial incubation temperature of 30
C. Liang et al. (2012)
observed that 32
C is most fitting for production of cellulase on rice grass by
Aspergillus sp. in SSF. Saini et al. (2017) observed that the higher production of
enzymes was attained at 30
C, resulting in 11.71 U/gds CMCase and 1.31 U/gds
FPase activities by T. reesei grown on Parthenium biomass. Pandey et al. (2015)
optimized the incubation temperature for production of exo, endo-1,4-β-Dglucanases by eight different Trichoderma sp. and found that the better temperature
for enzyme production was noticed between 30 and 40
C.
Zhao et al. (2011) noticed that 28
C was the optimal temperature for production
of cellulase under SSF by T. reesei SEMCC-3217 with water hyacinth as a solid
substrate. An augment or decline in temperature from optimum resulted in the
considerable decrease in cellulolytic enzymes production by fungi. Poor growth of
the T. reesei was observed at elevated temperature which showed a negative effect
on growth and can be interrelated with reduced enzyme secretion (Sethi and Gupta
2014); 25–35
C is, in general, the suitable range of temperature in SSF (Mrudula
and Murugammal 2011) and high temperature is anticipated to denature enzymes
because of heating effects (Yoon et al. 2014). Mushimiyimana and Tallapragada
(2015) explored optimal incubation temperature is 40
C for higher cellulase production. The standardization of incubation temperature for production of enzyme in
SSF explained that enzyme production was enhanced from 20
C to 30
C during
third day of incubation. The production of endoglucanase (20.53 IU/gds),
cellobiohydrolase (4.75 IU/gds), and β-glucosidase (56.98 IU/gds) was recorded
by Jain and Jain (2016). The maximum enzyme production was noticed at a
temperature of 28
C (Shah et al. 2015). SSF improved the production of enzyme
yield as studied by various authors at different temperatures viz. 40
C (Akurathi and
Thoti 2018), at 30
C (Amaeze et al. 2015) and at 40
C (Faisal and Benjamin 2016).
The optimal temperature for cellulase production by Penicillium sp. with corncob is
at 30
C with higher cellulase activity of 37.32 IU/ml reported by Ire et al. (2018).
Faisal and Benjamin (2016) observed that the highest cellulase production was at
40
C. Incubation temperature of 45
C was the optimal for maximum production of
cellulase (Budihal and Agsar 2015).
84
M. Subhosh Chandra et al.