22. Holleman I, Huuskonen A, Kurri M, Beekhuis H (2010) Operational monitoring of weather
radar receiving chain using the sun. J Atmos Ocean Technol 27(1):159–166
23. Huuskonen A, Kurri M, Hohti H, Beekhuis H, Leijnse H, Holleman I (2014) Radar performance monitoring using the angular width of the solar image. J Atmos Ocean Technol 31
(8):1704–1712
24. Wolff DB, Marks DA, Petersen WA (2015) General application of the relative calibration
adjustment (rca) technique for monitoring and correcting radar reflectivity calibration. J Atmos
Ocean Technol 32(3):496–506
25. Ribaud J-F, Bousquet O, Coquillat S, Al-Sakka H, Lambert D, Ducrocq V, Fontaine E (2016)
Evaluation and application of hydrometeor classification algorithm outputs inferred from
multi-frequency dual-polarimetric radar observations collected during hymex. Q J R Meteorol
Soc 142(S1):95–107
26. Gorgucci E, Scarchilli G, Chandrasekar V (1992) Calibration of radars using polarimetric
techniques. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 30(5):853–858
27. Scarchilli G, Gorgucci V, Chandrasekar V, Dobaie A (1996) Self-consistency of polarization
diversity measurement of rainfall. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 34(1):22–26
28. Anagnostou EN, Krajewski WF, Seo D-J, Johnson ER (1998) Mean-field rainfall bias studies
for WSR-88D. J Hydrol Eng 3(3):149–159
29. Kitchen M, Blackall R (1992) Representativeness errors in comparisons between radar and
gauge measurements of rainfall. J Hydrol 134(1–4):13–33
30. Anagnostou EN, Morales CA, Dinku T (2001) The use of trmm precipitation radar observations in determining ground radar calibration biases. J Atmos Ocean Technol 18(4):616–628
31. Harrison D, Driscoll S, Kitchen M (2000) Improving precipitation estimates from weather
radar using quality control and correction techniques. Meteorol Appl 7(02):135–144
32. Sugier J, du Chatelet JP, Roquain P, Smith A (2002) Detection and removal of clutter and
anaprop in radar data using a statistical scheme based on echo fluctuation. Proc ERAD
2002:17–24
33. Doviak RJ, Zrnic DS (2014) Doppler radar and weather observations. Academic Press, San
Diego
34. Steiner M, Smith JA (2002) Use of three-dimensional reflectivity structure for automated
detection and removal of nonprecipitating echoes in radar data. J Atmos Ocean Technol 19
(5):673–686
35. Moszkowicz S, Ciach GJ, Krajewski WF (1994) Statistical detection of anomalous propagation in radar reflectivity patterns. J Atmos Ocean Technol 11(4):1026–1034
36. Rico-Ramirez MA, Cluckie ID (2008) Classification of ground clutter and anomalous propagation using dual-polarization weather radar. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 46
(7):1892–1904
37. Berenguer M, Sempere-Torres D, Corral C, Sánchez-Diezma R (2006) A fuzzy logic technique for identifying nonprecipitating echoes in radar scans. J Atmos Ocean Technol 23
(9):1157–1180
38. Cho Y-H, Lee GW, Kim K-E, Zawadzki I (2006) Identification and removal of ground echoes
and anomalous propagation using the characteristics of radar echoes. J Atmos Ocean Technol
23(9):1206–1222
39. Hubbert J, Dixon M, Ellis S (2009) Weather radar ground clutter. Part II: real-time identification and filtering. J Atmos Ocean Technol 26(7):1181–1197
40. Grecu M, Krajewski WF (1999) Detection of anomalous propagation echoes in weather radar
data using neural networks. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 37(1):287–296
41. Haykin S, Deng C (1991) Classification of radar clutter using neural networks. IEEE Trans
Neural Netw 2(6):589–600
42. Gourley JJ, Tabary P, Parent du Chatelet J (2007) A fuzzy logic algorithm for the separation of
precipitating from nonprecipitating echoes using polarimetric radar observations. J Atmos
Ocean Technol 24(8):1439–1451
Precipitation Measurement with Weather Radars
253
radar receiving chain using the sun. J Atmos Ocean Technol 27(1):159–166
23. Huuskonen A, Kurri M, Hohti H, Beekhuis H, Leijnse H, Holleman I (2014) Radar performance monitoring using the angular width of the solar image. J Atmos Ocean Technol 31
(8):1704–1712
24. Wolff DB, Marks DA, Petersen WA (2015) General application of the relative calibration
adjustment (rca) technique for monitoring and correcting radar reflectivity calibration. J Atmos
Ocean Technol 32(3):496–506
25. Ribaud J-F, Bousquet O, Coquillat S, Al-Sakka H, Lambert D, Ducrocq V, Fontaine E (2016)
Evaluation and application of hydrometeor classification algorithm outputs inferred from
multi-frequency dual-polarimetric radar observations collected during hymex. Q J R Meteorol
Soc 142(S1):95–107
26. Gorgucci E, Scarchilli G, Chandrasekar V (1992) Calibration of radars using polarimetric
techniques. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 30(5):853–858
27. Scarchilli G, Gorgucci V, Chandrasekar V, Dobaie A (1996) Self-consistency of polarization
diversity measurement of rainfall. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 34(1):22–26
28. Anagnostou EN, Krajewski WF, Seo D-J, Johnson ER (1998) Mean-field rainfall bias studies
for WSR-88D. J Hydrol Eng 3(3):149–159
29. Kitchen M, Blackall R (1992) Representativeness errors in comparisons between radar and
gauge measurements of rainfall. J Hydrol 134(1–4):13–33
30. Anagnostou EN, Morales CA, Dinku T (2001) The use of trmm precipitation radar observations in determining ground radar calibration biases. J Atmos Ocean Technol 18(4):616–628
31. Harrison D, Driscoll S, Kitchen M (2000) Improving precipitation estimates from weather
radar using quality control and correction techniques. Meteorol Appl 7(02):135–144
32. Sugier J, du Chatelet JP, Roquain P, Smith A (2002) Detection and removal of clutter and
anaprop in radar data using a statistical scheme based on echo fluctuation. Proc ERAD
2002:17–24
33. Doviak RJ, Zrnic DS (2014) Doppler radar and weather observations. Academic Press, San
Diego
34. Steiner M, Smith JA (2002) Use of three-dimensional reflectivity structure for automated
detection and removal of nonprecipitating echoes in radar data. J Atmos Ocean Technol 19
(5):673–686
35. Moszkowicz S, Ciach GJ, Krajewski WF (1994) Statistical detection of anomalous propagation in radar reflectivity patterns. J Atmos Ocean Technol 11(4):1026–1034
36. Rico-Ramirez MA, Cluckie ID (2008) Classification of ground clutter and anomalous propagation using dual-polarization weather radar. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 46
(7):1892–1904
37. Berenguer M, Sempere-Torres D, Corral C, Sánchez-Diezma R (2006) A fuzzy logic technique for identifying nonprecipitating echoes in radar scans. J Atmos Ocean Technol 23
(9):1157–1180
38. Cho Y-H, Lee GW, Kim K-E, Zawadzki I (2006) Identification and removal of ground echoes
and anomalous propagation using the characteristics of radar echoes. J Atmos Ocean Technol
23(9):1206–1222
39. Hubbert J, Dixon M, Ellis S (2009) Weather radar ground clutter. Part II: real-time identification and filtering. J Atmos Ocean Technol 26(7):1181–1197
40. Grecu M, Krajewski WF (1999) Detection of anomalous propagation echoes in weather radar
data using neural networks. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 37(1):287–296
41. Haykin S, Deng C (1991) Classification of radar clutter using neural networks. IEEE Trans
Neural Netw 2(6):589–600
42. Gourley JJ, Tabary P, Parent du Chatelet J (2007) A fuzzy logic algorithm for the separation of
precipitating from nonprecipitating echoes using polarimetric radar observations. J Atmos
Ocean Technol 24(8):1439–1451
Precipitation Measurement with Weather Radars
253