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40. Amengual J, Lobo GP, Golczak M, Li HN,
Klimova T, Hoppel CL, Wyss A,
Palczewski K, von Lintig J (2011) A mitochondrial enzyme degrades carotenoids and protects
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10-173906
41. Hessel S, Eichinger A, Isken A, Amengual J,
Hunzelmann S, Hoeller U, Elste V,
Hunziker W, Goralczyk R, Oberhauser V, von
Lintig J, Wyss A (2007) CMO1 deficiency
abolishes vitamin a production from betacarotene and alters lipid metabolism in mice. J
Biol Chem 282(46):33553–33561. https://
doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M706763200
42. West DB, Waguespack J, McCollister S (1995)
Dietary obesity in the mouse: interaction of
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(3 Pt 2):R658–R665. https://doi.org/10.
1152/ajpregu.1995.268.3.R658
43. Reusch JEB, Kumar TR, Regensteiner JG, Zeitler PS, Participants C (2018) Identifying the
critical gaps in research on sex differences in
metabolism across the life span. Endocrinology
159(1):9–19. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.
2017-03019
44. Priego T, Sanchez J, Pico C, Palou A (2008)
Sex-differential expression of metabolismrelated genes in response to a high-fat diet.
Obesity (Silver Spring) 16(4):819–826.
https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.117
45. Lobo GP, Hessel S, Eichinger A, Noy N, Moise
AR, Wyss A, Palczewski K, von Lintig J (2010)
ISX is a retinoic acid-sensitive gatekeeper that
controls intestinal beta,beta-carotene absorption and vitamin a production. FASEB J 24
(6):1656–1666. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.
09-150995
46. Murano I, Morroni M, Zingaretti MC,
Oliver P, Sanchez J, Fuster A, Pico C,
Palou A, Cinti S (2005) Morphology of ferret
subcutaneous adipose tissue after 6-month
daily supplementation with oral beta-carotene.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1740(2):305–312.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.10.
012
47. Reagan-Shaw S, Nihal M, Ahmad N (2008)
Dose translation from animal to human studies
revisited. FASEB J 22(3):659–661. https://
doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-9574LSF
48. Blanchard OL, Smoliga JM (2015) Translating
dosages from animal models to human clinical
trials--revisiting body surface area scaling.
FASEB J 29(5):1629–1634. https://doi.org/
10.1096/fj.14-269043
Mouse Models to Study Antiobesogenic Effects of Carotenoids
417
Lima WG, Campagnole-Santos MJ, Alzamora
AC (2013) Age-dependent effect of highfructose and high-fat diets on lipid metabolism
and lipid accumulation in liver and kidney of
rats. Lipids Health Dis 12:136. https://doi.
org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-136
40. Amengual J, Lobo GP, Golczak M, Li HN,
Klimova T, Hoppel CL, Wyss A,
Palczewski K, von Lintig J (2011) A mitochondrial enzyme degrades carotenoids and protects
against oxidative stress. FASEB J 25
(3):948–959.
https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.
10-173906
41. Hessel S, Eichinger A, Isken A, Amengual J,
Hunzelmann S, Hoeller U, Elste V,
Hunziker W, Goralczyk R, Oberhauser V, von
Lintig J, Wyss A (2007) CMO1 deficiency
abolishes vitamin a production from betacarotene and alters lipid metabolism in mice. J
Biol Chem 282(46):33553–33561. https://
doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M706763200
42. West DB, Waguespack J, McCollister S (1995)
Dietary obesity in the mouse: interaction of
strain with diet composition. Am J Phys 268
(3 Pt 2):R658–R665. https://doi.org/10.
1152/ajpregu.1995.268.3.R658
43. Reusch JEB, Kumar TR, Regensteiner JG, Zeitler PS, Participants C (2018) Identifying the
critical gaps in research on sex differences in
metabolism across the life span. Endocrinology
159(1):9–19. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.
2017-03019
44. Priego T, Sanchez J, Pico C, Palou A (2008)
Sex-differential expression of metabolismrelated genes in response to a high-fat diet.
Obesity (Silver Spring) 16(4):819–826.
https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.117
45. Lobo GP, Hessel S, Eichinger A, Noy N, Moise
AR, Wyss A, Palczewski K, von Lintig J (2010)
ISX is a retinoic acid-sensitive gatekeeper that
controls intestinal beta,beta-carotene absorption and vitamin a production. FASEB J 24
(6):1656–1666. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.
09-150995
46. Murano I, Morroni M, Zingaretti MC,
Oliver P, Sanchez J, Fuster A, Pico C,
Palou A, Cinti S (2005) Morphology of ferret
subcutaneous adipose tissue after 6-month
daily supplementation with oral beta-carotene.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1740(2):305–312.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.10.
012
47. Reagan-Shaw S, Nihal M, Ahmad N (2008)
Dose translation from animal to human studies
revisited. FASEB J 22(3):659–661. https://
doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-9574LSF
48. Blanchard OL, Smoliga JM (2015) Translating
dosages from animal models to human clinical
trials--revisiting body surface area scaling.
FASEB J 29(5):1629–1634. https://doi.org/
10.1096/fj.14-269043
Mouse Models to Study Antiobesogenic Effects of Carotenoids
417