78
G. Grasso et al.
have been isolated from Antarctic samples by Plaza et al. (2016). All these bacterial
strains have shown high heavy metal resistance and the ability to biosynthesized
CdTeQDs. The synthesis of AgNPs using culture supernatants of five psychrophilic
bacteria Pseudomonas antarctica, Pseudomonas proteolytica, Pseudomonas meridiana, Arthrobacter kerguelensis, and Arthrobacter gangotriensis have been reported
by Shivaji et al. (2011). The thermophilic Geobacillus strain ID17 isolated from
Deception Island, a volcanic island in Antarctica, has been exploited for the synthesis
of Au NPs by Correa-Llantén et al. (2013).
Other extremophilic microorganisms useful for nanobiosynthesis have been
isolated from many other natural environments but also from industrial wastewaters, mining sites, and contaminated sites. Some recent examples described in the
literature include: (i) the synthesis of AgNPs and TeNPs has been reported for the
haloarchaeaon Halococcus salifodinae BK3 isolated from the Ribandar salt pans of
Goa (Srivastava et al. 2013, 2015), (ii) the thermophilic Ureibacillus thermosphaericus isolated from Ramsar geothermal hot springs with high potential for AgNPs
biosynthesis (Juibari et al. 2011), (iii) a strain Brevibacterium casei isolated from
dairy industrial waste has shown the ability to synthesize Au and Ag NPs (Kalishwaralal et al. 2010), (iv) the AgNPs biosynthesis from heavy metal-resistant bacterium
Alcaligenes faecalis isolated from sewage wastewater (Abo-Amer et al. 2015), and
(v) from Bacillus flexus S-27 isolated from Ag-rich soil samples from silver mining
areas (Priyadarshini et al. 2013), (vi) the AuNPs synthesis by Stenotrophomonas
maltophilia (Acc No GQ220749), a novel bacterial strain isolated from soil samples
from the Singhbhum gold mines (Nangia et al. 2009), (vii) the selenite-reducing
bacterium Bacillus cereus strain AJK3 isolated from a contaminated lake that receives
industrial effluents and domestic sewage has shown the ability to synthesize SeNPs
(Kora 2018) and biosynthesis Ag and Ag-AuNPs by metal-tolerant Bacillus safensis
LAU 13 isolated from feather waste dump site (Lateef et al. 2015a, b, 2016; Ojo
et al. 2016).
Furthermore, it should be mentioned the need of future investigation about the
nanobiosynthetic potential of the halotolerant fungi species, i.e., fungal species able
to tolerate ionic stress and able to grow in high salt concentrations environments
(Tiquia-Arashiro 2019). Microorganisms that are useful for nanosynthesis can also
be isolated from daily environments and even from unexpected sources. For instance,
one of the most studied extremophiles, Deinococcus radiodurans, was discovered
in 1956 in a meat can. D. radiodurans is particularly attractive for AgNPs, Au–Ag
bimetallic NPs, and magnetic iron NPs synthesis (Kulkarni et al. 2015; Li et al.
2016a, b; Kim et al. 2019). For the synthesis of many different nanomaterials,
some interesting examples of microorganisms used in food and beverage manufacturing and/or isolated from traditional foods have been reported in the literature. Semjonovs et al. (2017) have described a high efficient synthesis of bacterial
nanocellulose by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus P 1463 isolated from kombucha, a
traditional beverage prepared by fermenting sugared tea with a symbiotic culture of
acetic bacteria and fungi. The efficiency in bacterial nanocellulose synthesis by K.
rhaeticus P 1463 has been compared with two reference strains for nanocellulose
G. Grasso et al.
have been isolated from Antarctic samples by Plaza et al. (2016). All these bacterial
strains have shown high heavy metal resistance and the ability to biosynthesized
CdTeQDs. The synthesis of AgNPs using culture supernatants of five psychrophilic
bacteria Pseudomonas antarctica, Pseudomonas proteolytica, Pseudomonas meridiana, Arthrobacter kerguelensis, and Arthrobacter gangotriensis have been reported
by Shivaji et al. (2011). The thermophilic Geobacillus strain ID17 isolated from
Deception Island, a volcanic island in Antarctica, has been exploited for the synthesis
of Au NPs by Correa-Llantén et al. (2013).
Other extremophilic microorganisms useful for nanobiosynthesis have been
isolated from many other natural environments but also from industrial wastewaters, mining sites, and contaminated sites. Some recent examples described in the
literature include: (i) the synthesis of AgNPs and TeNPs has been reported for the
haloarchaeaon Halococcus salifodinae BK3 isolated from the Ribandar salt pans of
Goa (Srivastava et al. 2013, 2015), (ii) the thermophilic Ureibacillus thermosphaericus isolated from Ramsar geothermal hot springs with high potential for AgNPs
biosynthesis (Juibari et al. 2011), (iii) a strain Brevibacterium casei isolated from
dairy industrial waste has shown the ability to synthesize Au and Ag NPs (Kalishwaralal et al. 2010), (iv) the AgNPs biosynthesis from heavy metal-resistant bacterium
Alcaligenes faecalis isolated from sewage wastewater (Abo-Amer et al. 2015), and
(v) from Bacillus flexus S-27 isolated from Ag-rich soil samples from silver mining
areas (Priyadarshini et al. 2013), (vi) the AuNPs synthesis by Stenotrophomonas
maltophilia (Acc No GQ220749), a novel bacterial strain isolated from soil samples
from the Singhbhum gold mines (Nangia et al. 2009), (vii) the selenite-reducing
bacterium Bacillus cereus strain AJK3 isolated from a contaminated lake that receives
industrial effluents and domestic sewage has shown the ability to synthesize SeNPs
(Kora 2018) and biosynthesis Ag and Ag-AuNPs by metal-tolerant Bacillus safensis
LAU 13 isolated from feather waste dump site (Lateef et al. 2015a, b, 2016; Ojo
et al. 2016).
Furthermore, it should be mentioned the need of future investigation about the
nanobiosynthetic potential of the halotolerant fungi species, i.e., fungal species able
to tolerate ionic stress and able to grow in high salt concentrations environments
(Tiquia-Arashiro 2019). Microorganisms that are useful for nanosynthesis can also
be isolated from daily environments and even from unexpected sources. For instance,
one of the most studied extremophiles, Deinococcus radiodurans, was discovered
in 1956 in a meat can. D. radiodurans is particularly attractive for AgNPs, Au–Ag
bimetallic NPs, and magnetic iron NPs synthesis (Kulkarni et al. 2015; Li et al.
2016a, b; Kim et al. 2019). For the synthesis of many different nanomaterials,
some interesting examples of microorganisms used in food and beverage manufacturing and/or isolated from traditional foods have been reported in the literature. Semjonovs et al. (2017) have described a high efficient synthesis of bacterial
nanocellulose by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus P 1463 isolated from kombucha, a
traditional beverage prepared by fermenting sugared tea with a symbiotic culture of
acetic bacteria and fungi. The efficiency in bacterial nanocellulose synthesis by K.
rhaeticus P 1463 has been compared with two reference strains for nanocellulose