Precision Microbial Nanobiosynthesis: Knowledge …
79
production, Komagataeibacter xylinus DSM 46604 and Komagataeibacter hansenii
DSM 5602T.
Fernández et al. (2019) have obtained similar results with a strain of Komagataeibacter intermedius JF2 isolated from commercial wine vinegar. The synthesis
of biomineralized nanostructure of MnOx by Neurospora crassa, a type of red bread
mold, has been reported by Li et al. (2016b). The ability in nanobiosynthesis of hierarchical porous spore carbon nanomaterials with the potential application in lithium–
sulfur batteries has been described by Zhong et al. (2018) for the filamentous fungus
Aspergillus oryzae, frequently used in the production of Japanese traditional foods
like tofu, soy sauce, and sake. Interestingly, the synthesis of AgNPs by human gut
microbiota has been recently reported by Yin et al. (2019) for the first time. Similarly,
Deshpande et al. (2015) have previously reported the results for AuNPs synthesis by
human skin microbiota.
2.2 The Influence of Cultural Conditions on Microbial
Nanobiosynthesis
The modification of key culture conditions and the standardization of microbial cell
culture growth protocols are potentially crucial for the control, implementation, and
tuning over microbial-biosynthesized nanomaterials. The main results of research
concerning aspects related to changes and optimization of culture conditions for
microbial nanobiosynthesis are summarized in Table 1. Alam et al. (2017) have
screened the effects on the synthesis of AgNPs by Aspergillus niger using three
different liquid culture media: Czapex Dox, Yeast-Malt Extract, and Potato Dextrose
Broth. The results obtained from UV-vis absorption spectrum measurements have
suggested that Czapex Dox broth was the most suitable culture medium to promote
A. niger cell growth and AgNPs. The effect of Nutrient Broth and Mueller Hinton
Broth on the size and morphology of AgNPs synthesized by Klebsiella pneumoniae
KCTC 2242 and Escherichia coli DH5α has been reported by Luo et al. (2018).
The nanoparticles production yield has been higher for K. pneumoniae KCTC 2242
in Mueller Hinton Broth, the diameter of AgNPs synthesized from Nutrient Broth
medium has been significantly smaller and nanoparticles crystallinity has been higher
in those biosynthesized in Mueller Hinton Broth.
Abdul et al. (2014) have evaluated the effect of different culture media (MRS
broth, JKH 1 broth and Whey solution) on TiO 2 NPs synthesis using the bacterium
Lactobacillus crispatus. The results have shown that the TiO 2 NPs synthesized in
MRS broth medium had a smaller average size of 70.98 nm, compared to TiO 2 NPs
biosynthesized in the other two culture media. Furthermore, the addition of 10%
glucose in JKH1 medium has resulted in a 20% decreasing of the average size
of TiO 2 NPs compared to the normal JKH1 medium. The influence of biotic and
abiotic factors of cell culture operational setup on nanomaterials biosynthesis has
been extensively reported in literature. These factors can include (i) microbial cell
79
production, Komagataeibacter xylinus DSM 46604 and Komagataeibacter hansenii
DSM 5602T.
Fernández et al. (2019) have obtained similar results with a strain of Komagataeibacter intermedius JF2 isolated from commercial wine vinegar. The synthesis
of biomineralized nanostructure of MnOx by Neurospora crassa, a type of red bread
mold, has been reported by Li et al. (2016b). The ability in nanobiosynthesis of hierarchical porous spore carbon nanomaterials with the potential application in lithium–
sulfur batteries has been described by Zhong et al. (2018) for the filamentous fungus
Aspergillus oryzae, frequently used in the production of Japanese traditional foods
like tofu, soy sauce, and sake. Interestingly, the synthesis of AgNPs by human gut
microbiota has been recently reported by Yin et al. (2019) for the first time. Similarly,
Deshpande et al. (2015) have previously reported the results for AuNPs synthesis by
human skin microbiota.
2.2 The Influence of Cultural Conditions on Microbial
Nanobiosynthesis
The modification of key culture conditions and the standardization of microbial cell
culture growth protocols are potentially crucial for the control, implementation, and
tuning over microbial-biosynthesized nanomaterials. The main results of research
concerning aspects related to changes and optimization of culture conditions for
microbial nanobiosynthesis are summarized in Table 1. Alam et al. (2017) have
screened the effects on the synthesis of AgNPs by Aspergillus niger using three
different liquid culture media: Czapex Dox, Yeast-Malt Extract, and Potato Dextrose
Broth. The results obtained from UV-vis absorption spectrum measurements have
suggested that Czapex Dox broth was the most suitable culture medium to promote
A. niger cell growth and AgNPs. The effect of Nutrient Broth and Mueller Hinton
Broth on the size and morphology of AgNPs synthesized by Klebsiella pneumoniae
KCTC 2242 and Escherichia coli DH5α has been reported by Luo et al. (2018).
The nanoparticles production yield has been higher for K. pneumoniae KCTC 2242
in Mueller Hinton Broth, the diameter of AgNPs synthesized from Nutrient Broth
medium has been significantly smaller and nanoparticles crystallinity has been higher
in those biosynthesized in Mueller Hinton Broth.
Abdul et al. (2014) have evaluated the effect of different culture media (MRS
broth, JKH 1 broth and Whey solution) on TiO 2 NPs synthesis using the bacterium
Lactobacillus crispatus. The results have shown that the TiO 2 NPs synthesized in
MRS broth medium had a smaller average size of 70.98 nm, compared to TiO 2 NPs
biosynthesized in the other two culture media. Furthermore, the addition of 10%
glucose in JKH1 medium has resulted in a 20% decreasing of the average size
of TiO 2 NPs compared to the normal JKH1 medium. The influence of biotic and
abiotic factors of cell culture operational setup on nanomaterials biosynthesis has
been extensively reported in literature. These factors can include (i) microbial cell