7 A Framework for IWRM in the Water-Energy-Food …
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3.3 Other Local Water Users
Another important and special water user of Lake Guiers is the Senegalese Water
Company (SDE). The water collected from the lake does not serve the local population exclusively, but rather mainly the urban dwellers of Dakar, several hundred
kilometers from the Delta. Water pumping and treatment plants supply almost all
of Dakar and its suburbs with drinking water (projected to reach 500,000 m
3 /day
for five million inhabitants by 2030). Pumping the Delta to supply local populations
with drinking water is, of course, necessary. However, it is also necessary to consider
other and/or additional solutions to supply the city of Dakar, because the transport of
water over several hundred kilometers through old pipelines, often subject to water
‘pirates’ who vandalize the supply, is highly inefficient.
3.4 Industrial Water Process Uses: Case of CSS
The CSS uses a lot of water in its industrial process to produce sugar and energy. Water
is collected in the main gravity irrigation network and then treated in a drinking water
treatment plant before being distributed to an internal domestic network to supply
industrial needs. Every day, 12,000–15,000 m
3 of water is treated and reused in the
CSS factory. The wastewater at the end of the process is stored in lagoons and partly
reused in the irrigation system (for sugar cane) after monitoring and mixing with raw
water.
4 Current and Suggested Strategies for Climate Change
Adaption
As already indicated, the Senegal River Delta, like the entire Sahel-Saharan strip, is
marked by a recurrent food and energy deficit, despite hydraulic and hydroelectric
developments (Manantali Dam by OMVS for 200 MW and the Bokhol solar platform
for the Senegal grid). The situation is due in part to climate change, and in part to
other, aforementioned related factors:
• Highly contrasting soil types (sandy soils and salty clay soil) that require specific
management;
• Periods of low water availability due to difficult access or water points infested
by aquatic plants;
• Continued and significant growth of the urban population associated with
increasing water needs;
• Structural weakness of local agricultural sectors marked by excessively high
production costs, low protection and price volatility;
153
3.3 Other Local Water Users
Another important and special water user of Lake Guiers is the Senegalese Water
Company (SDE). The water collected from the lake does not serve the local population exclusively, but rather mainly the urban dwellers of Dakar, several hundred
kilometers from the Delta. Water pumping and treatment plants supply almost all
of Dakar and its suburbs with drinking water (projected to reach 500,000 m
3 /day
for five million inhabitants by 2030). Pumping the Delta to supply local populations
with drinking water is, of course, necessary. However, it is also necessary to consider
other and/or additional solutions to supply the city of Dakar, because the transport of
water over several hundred kilometers through old pipelines, often subject to water
‘pirates’ who vandalize the supply, is highly inefficient.
3.4 Industrial Water Process Uses: Case of CSS
The CSS uses a lot of water in its industrial process to produce sugar and energy. Water
is collected in the main gravity irrigation network and then treated in a drinking water
treatment plant before being distributed to an internal domestic network to supply
industrial needs. Every day, 12,000–15,000 m
3 of water is treated and reused in the
CSS factory. The wastewater at the end of the process is stored in lagoons and partly
reused in the irrigation system (for sugar cane) after monitoring and mixing with raw
water.
4 Current and Suggested Strategies for Climate Change
Adaption
As already indicated, the Senegal River Delta, like the entire Sahel-Saharan strip, is
marked by a recurrent food and energy deficit, despite hydraulic and hydroelectric
developments (Manantali Dam by OMVS for 200 MW and the Bokhol solar platform
for the Senegal grid). The situation is due in part to climate change, and in part to
other, aforementioned related factors:
• Highly contrasting soil types (sandy soils and salty clay soil) that require specific
management;
• Periods of low water availability due to difficult access or water points infested
by aquatic plants;
• Continued and significant growth of the urban population associated with
increasing water needs;
• Structural weakness of local agricultural sectors marked by excessively high
production costs, low protection and price volatility;