554
Nematocysts, 120
definition, 117
Nematoda, 5–7, 234, 249
evolution of parasitism, 248
fossil record, 249, 255 (see also Parasitic
nematodes)
Heterorhabditidae, 253
Mermithida, 253
general aspects, 5
phylogeny, 249
Nematodes, 5–7
Nematoida, 234, 249
fossil record, 248–255
See also Nematoda; Nematomorpha
Nematomorpha, 234, 249, 255
evolution of parasitism, 256
fossil record, 255, 256
Gordioida, 256
general aspects, 255
Nemestrinidae, 424, 458, 461, 462, 470, 480,
482, 483, 485
Nemestrinimorpha, 424, 458, 462, 480, 482,
483, 486
fossil record, 485
Neodermata, 245, 247
fossil record, 245, 248
Neoechinorhynchus mexicoensis
(Eoacanthocephala), 276
Neogene, 75, 415, 458
Neoplastic tissue, 37
Neopterygii, 189
Neostrepsiptera, 421, 483, 485, 486
Neotrigonia, 172
Neotrigonia gemma, 181
Neotrigonia margaritacea, 178
Nest association, 336
Neuroptera, 450
as parasitoids, 397
Dominican Amber Biota, 486
Jehol Biota, 483
Karatau Biota, 481
Mantispidae, 480
Mantispinae, 450
Messel Biota, 485
during MMPR, 482, 500
Myanmar Amber Biota, 486
Post-MMPR expansion, 468, 487
Symphrasinae, 450
Yanliao Biota, 481
Nevamermis mackeei, 249
New Zealand bat fly, 417
See also Mystacinobiidae
Nocardiform actinobacteria, 44
Non-biting midges, 412
See also Chironomidae
Non-eremoneuran Diptera, 468
as parasitoids, 468
Non-pollen palynomorph (NPP), 84
Non-proctotrupomorph Hymenoptera, 487
as parasitoids, 468
Norian, 181, 187, 423, 496
Nothia aphylla, 78
Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPV), 31–35
Nuttalliellidae, 329
fossil record, 329
Nycteribiidae, 415, 416
O
Occluded viruses, 31
Oecobiidae, 450
Oenonidae, 240, 241
Oestridae, 416
fossil record, 416
Oestroidea, 416
Oichnus halo, 214
Oligocene, 256
Omentolaelapidae, 333
Onchocerca, 255
Oocysts, 54
gregarines, 63
Malaria, 54, 57
Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, 91
Ophiocordycipitaceae, 391
Opilioacarida, 328
Opiliones, 318
Ordovician, 211, 213, 233, 238, 241, 244, 248,
249, 258, 318, 359, 360, 367
Oribatida, 317
general aspects, 326
Ormyidae, 439
Ornithodoros, 331
Orsten, 367
Orthonychia, 213
Orthoptera, 456, 466
as hosts for
Heterogynaidae, 444
Orussidae, 429, 463, 464, 467, 486
Orussoidea, 464
Osteno Lagerstätte, 179
Othniodellithidae, 432, 484, 492, 493
Ovipositor, 386, 389–391, 460, 461, 464, 470,
487, 497, 498, 500, 501
robustness, 461
Ovoid cells, 44
Ovulidae, 223
fossil record, 223
general aspects, 223
Oxfordian, 241
Oxyurida, 6
Index
Nematocysts, 120
definition, 117
Nematoda, 5–7, 234, 249
evolution of parasitism, 248
fossil record, 249, 255 (see also Parasitic
nematodes)
Heterorhabditidae, 253
Mermithida, 253
general aspects, 5
phylogeny, 249
Nematodes, 5–7
Nematoida, 234, 249
fossil record, 248–255
See also Nematoda; Nematomorpha
Nematomorpha, 234, 249, 255
evolution of parasitism, 256
fossil record, 255, 256
Gordioida, 256
general aspects, 255
Nemestrinidae, 424, 458, 461, 462, 470, 480,
482, 483, 485
Nemestrinimorpha, 424, 458, 462, 480, 482,
483, 486
fossil record, 485
Neodermata, 245, 247
fossil record, 245, 248
Neoechinorhynchus mexicoensis
(Eoacanthocephala), 276
Neogene, 75, 415, 458
Neoplastic tissue, 37
Neopterygii, 189
Neostrepsiptera, 421, 483, 485, 486
Neotrigonia, 172
Neotrigonia gemma, 181
Neotrigonia margaritacea, 178
Nest association, 336
Neuroptera, 450
as parasitoids, 397
Dominican Amber Biota, 486
Jehol Biota, 483
Karatau Biota, 481
Mantispidae, 480
Mantispinae, 450
Messel Biota, 485
during MMPR, 482, 500
Myanmar Amber Biota, 486
Post-MMPR expansion, 468, 487
Symphrasinae, 450
Yanliao Biota, 481
Nevamermis mackeei, 249
New Zealand bat fly, 417
See also Mystacinobiidae
Nocardiform actinobacteria, 44
Non-biting midges, 412
See also Chironomidae
Non-eremoneuran Diptera, 468
as parasitoids, 468
Non-pollen palynomorph (NPP), 84
Non-proctotrupomorph Hymenoptera, 487
as parasitoids, 468
Norian, 181, 187, 423, 496
Nothia aphylla, 78
Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPV), 31–35
Nuttalliellidae, 329
fossil record, 329
Nycteribiidae, 415, 416
O
Occluded viruses, 31
Oecobiidae, 450
Oenonidae, 240, 241
Oestridae, 416
fossil record, 416
Oestroidea, 416
Oichnus halo, 214
Oligocene, 256
Omentolaelapidae, 333
Onchocerca, 255
Oocysts, 54
gregarines, 63
Malaria, 54, 57
Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, 91
Ophiocordycipitaceae, 391
Opilioacarida, 328
Opiliones, 318
Ordovician, 211, 213, 233, 238, 241, 244, 248,
249, 258, 318, 359, 360, 367
Oribatida, 317
general aspects, 326
Ormyidae, 439
Ornithodoros, 331
Orsten, 367
Orthonychia, 213
Orthoptera, 456, 466
as hosts for
Heterogynaidae, 444
Orussidae, 429, 463, 464, 467, 486
Orussoidea, 464
Osteno Lagerstätte, 179
Othniodellithidae, 432, 484, 492, 493
Ovipositor, 386, 389–391, 460, 461, 464, 470,
487, 497, 498, 500, 501
robustness, 461
Ovoid cells, 44
Ovulidae, 223
fossil record, 223
general aspects, 223
Oxfordian, 241
Oxyurida, 6
Index