443
Taxon
a
Parasitoid larval life-habit
b
Dominant larval hosts
c
Host stage of
larval parasitoid
attack
d
Geochronologic
range
e
References
f
Vespoidea
Bradynobaenidae
Ectoparasitoid
Arthropods; Solifugida
Larvae and
other immatures
Recent
Brothers (1995),
Grimaldi and Engel
(2005a)
Mutillidae
Ectoparasitoid, predator
Blattodea; Coleoptera; Lepidoptera:
Limacodidae; Diptera;
Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Apoidea
Nymphs, larvae Lutetian–Recent Clausen (1940), Lelej
(1996), O’Neill (2001),
Quevillon and Hughes
(2018)
Pompilidae
Ectoparasitoid, predator
Araneae
Adults
Cenomanian–
Recent
O’Neill (2001), Grimaldi
et al. (2002)
Rhopalosomatidae
Ectoparasitoid
Orthoptera: Grylloidea
Nymphs?,
adults
Cenomanian–
Recent
Gurney (1953), Townes
(1977), Darling and
Sharkey (1990),
Lohrmann and Engel
(2017), Zhang et al.
(2018a)
Sapygidae
Ectoparasitoid,
cleptoparasitoid, predator
Apoidea: Eumenidae, Megachilidae,
Apidae
Eggs and larvae
of social insects
Cenomanian–
Recent
Torchio (1972), Spahr
(1987), Grimaldi and
Engel (2005a), Bennett
and Engel (2005)
Scoliidae
Ectoparasitoid, predator
Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae;
Hymenoptera: Sphecidae
Larvae
Barrremian–
Recent
Clausen (1940), Lai
(1988), Rasnitsyn and
Martínez-Delclòs (1999,
2000), Zhang et al.
(2002c)
(continued)
11 The History of Insect Parasitism and the Mid-Mesozoic Parasitoid Revolution