Table 1 (continued)
S. No. Types of
industries
Polluted areas
River pollution Groundwater
pollution
Health impacts
12
Steel
manufacturing
units
Haryana,
Bhadravathi
(Karnataka),
Durgapur (West
Bengal),
Cuncolim
(Goa)
Severe
pollution of
Bhadra and
Damodar rivers
Zinc, iron,
manganese,
chromium
found in
groundwater
Kidney damage,
growth
retardation,
injury to central
nervous system
13
Aluminum
manufacturing
units
Haryana, Angul
and Talcher
(Orissa),
Singrauli (U.
P.), Korba
(Chhattisgarh)
Brahmani and
Mahanadi
rivers severely
polluted
Heavy metals
like iron,
aluminum, lead,
titanium,
arsenic,
chromium,
cadmium, zinc
and the
presence of
fluorides
reported.
Numerous
borewells
rendered
useless
Skeletal
disorders,
digestive
disorders,
gastric ulcer and
skin diseases
14
Chromite
mining
Sukinda
(Orissa)
The presence of
hexavalent
chromium and
heavy metals
has severely
polluted
Damsala and
Brahmani rivers
Hexavalent
chromium and
nickel in large
concentrations
found in
groundwater
Gastrointestinal
bleeding,
infertility, birth
defects
15
Coal mining
Jharia
(Jharkhand),
Angul and
Talcher
(Orissa),
Durgapur (West
Bengal),
Singrauli (U.
P.), Korba
(Chhattisgarh)
The presence of
arsenic in
Damodar River,
turned black.
Brahmani and
Mahanadi
rivers also
severely
polluted
Heavy metals
like cadmium,
arsenic, copper,
lead,
chromium, zinc
and the
presence of
fluorides in
groundwater.
Numerous
wells and
borewells
rendered
useless
Arsenicosis,
digestive
disorders
Source Industrial water pollution and its impact on health, Nishtha Gupta, TERI University, and Indira
Khurana, WaterAid, 2011
Tackling Water Quality Issues
79