Table 1 (continued)
S. No. Types of
industries
Polluted areas
River pollution Groundwater
pollution
Health impacts
7
Pesticides
Ankleshwar
and Panali
(Gujarat), Vapi
(Gujarat),
Hyderabad (A.
P.), Nandesari
(Gujarat),
Raigad
(Maharashtra),
Bharuch
(Gujarat)
Kolak,
Bhilkhadi,
Damanganga,
Mini, Mahi,
Nakkavagu,
Manjira,
Patalganga and
Mulla rivers
severely
polluted
Groundwater
heavily colored.
Nitrates,
fluorides,
chlorides and
the presence of
heavy metals
like chromium,
lead, zinc,
mercury,
arsenic and
nickel reported
Cancer, kidney
problems,
digestive
disorders
8
Fertilizers
Ankleshwar
(Gujarat),
Ernakulam
(Kerala),
Bharuch
(Gujarat),
Raigad
(Maharashtra)
Amlakhadi,
Kolak, Periyar,
Patalganga and
Mulla rivers
severely
polluted
Nitrates,
fluorides and
heavy metals
like mercury,
chromium, lead
found in
groundwater
Cancer,
gastroenteritis,
waterborne
diseases like
jaundice,
diarrhea
9
Soft drinks
Chennai (T.N.)
and Palakkad
(Kerala)
N.A
The presence of
ions of calcium,
magnesium,
sodium.
Groundwater
turned yellow,
unfit for potable
and non-potable
uses
N.A
10
Ferro alloys
Bhadravathi
(Karnataka),
Durgapur (West
Bengal),
Cuncolim
(Goa)
Severe
pollution of
Bhadra and
Damodar rivers
Zinc, iron,
manganese and
pesticides
found in
groundwater
Sporadic fever,
kidney damage,
growth
retardation and
injury to central
nervous system
11
Electroplating
Ludhiana,
Jalandhar,
Hoshiarpur,
Amritsar,
Gurdaspur and
Harike (Punjab)
Effluents
containing
heavy metals
and phenols
have
contaminated
Satluj River
Hexavalent
chromium,
nickel, lead,
cadmium,
arsenic,
cyanides found
in groundwater
Cancer,
neurological
disorders, liverand
kidney-related
diseases,
congenital
defects,
miscarriages,
mutations in
DNA
(continued)
78
I. Khurana and R. Sen