Network of infrastructure, 3, 4
New York, 211
Node Package Manager (NPM), 615
Nonmarket goods, 480, 481, 483
Non profit-making, 120
Non rival, 470, 473
Non sustainability, 110
Normalised weights, 417, 428–431, 433–435
Notre-Dame-des-Landes, 216
O
Objective functions, 166, 244, 357, 358, 374,
390–392, 395, 396, 398–400
Objectives, xi, 25, 55, 85, 97, 120, 128, 131,
148, 149, 151, 152, 160, 163–165, 187,
226, 243–246, 256, 264, 265, 293, 297,
323, 357, 360, 366, 367, 370, 372,
382–385, 387–406, 408–411, 443, 448,
501, 505, 531, 533, 538, 582, 591, 592,
615, 623, 630, 637
Objectives of development, 104, 107, 108
Obsolescent infrastructure, 211, 212
Offices, 5, 7, 8, 25, 75, 84–86, 92, 97, 98, 113,
116, 136, 153, 201, 205, 211, 215, 256,
261, 282, 348, 408, 589, 590, 592, 598,
609
Off-site disposal, 117
Operational risks, 519, 524
Operation and management, 171, 645
Operations research, 166, 167, 357–359, 364,
367–374
Opportunity costs, 41, 165, 223–225, 229, 231,
249, 537, 538
Optimal allocation, 186, 188, 191
Optimal-choice function, 192, 193
Optimal distribution, 186
Optimal level of congestion, 476, 477
Optimal resource allocation, 189
Optimal trade-off, 392, 394, 395, 399, 409
Optimization model, 395, 398
Optimization planning, 387, 391, 392, 396
Optimum allocation, 191, 193, 194
Optimum decision criterion, 442, 446
Optimum design, 165
Organisations, xii, 2, 3, 7, 8, 15–18, 28, 29, 34,
37, 55, 56, 120, 154, 165, 168, 179, 200,
227, 261, 267, 292, 301, 303, 316, 323,
327, 351, 355, 357, 363, 407, 504, 527,
535–537, 539, 563, 571, 580, 586, 587,
589–592, 603, 606–609, 615, 626, 631,
632, 635, 646, 647
Outline programme, 639
Overfishing, 119, 120
P
Pairwise comparisons, 414, 430–433
Parallel systems, 269, 270, 344
Pareto optimal, 186, 398, 401
Parking areas, 5, 17, 90, 91, 96, 136, 282, 598
Partial tax relief, 504
Payoff matrix, 404, 447, 452, 453
Payoff table, 442, 446, 447, 455
Pedestrian blocks, 152
Pedestrians, 62, 73, 74, 86–88, 91, 93, 95–97,
100, 152, 572
Per capita, 10, 26, 44, 108
Per capita consumption, 26
Perceived damage, 228
Performance characteristics, 253, 255–257
Performance evaluation, 169
Performance flaws, 501
Performance function, 274
Performance indicators, 57, 173
Performance matrix, 419, 439
Performance metrics, 169, 315, 316
Performance scale, 430
Performance standards, 527, 564
Periodic maintenance, 281
Personal welfare, 52, 193
Pertinent objectives, 384
Physical flows, 174–180
Physical instruments, 174
Physical vulnerability, 337
Planet B, 122
Plan impacts, 389
Planners, 25, 57, 139, 145, 165, 207, 244, 245,
296, 383–387, 389, 392, 394, 399, 400,
406–410
Planning
alternatives, 140, 267, 385, 387
approach, 146, 147, 149, 151
approaches, 166, 245, 267, 386, 387, 392,
394, 399
costs, 387, 389, 513, 542, 618, 624
goals, 150, 245, 303, 385, 396, 409
investment, 137, 138, 409
objectives, 148, 149, 186, 383, 385–392,
394–396, 398, 399
periods, 27, 145, 148–150, 152, 303, 580
purposes, 26, 245, 363
strategy (gies), 148, 155, 391, 582, 587
Plan period, 148, 149
Plot ratios, 76–78
Policy alternatives, 166, 409
Policy decisions, 166–168, 383, 480
Policy gap, 612, 614
Policy improvements, 624
Policy instruments, 51, 148–150, 169
Index
677
New York, 211
Node Package Manager (NPM), 615
Nonmarket goods, 480, 481, 483
Non profit-making, 120
Non rival, 470, 473
Non sustainability, 110
Normalised weights, 417, 428–431, 433–435
Notre-Dame-des-Landes, 216
O
Objective functions, 166, 244, 357, 358, 374,
390–392, 395, 396, 398–400
Objectives, xi, 25, 55, 85, 97, 120, 128, 131,
148, 149, 151, 152, 160, 163–165, 187,
226, 243–246, 256, 264, 265, 293, 297,
323, 357, 360, 366, 367, 370, 372,
382–385, 387–406, 408–411, 443, 448,
501, 505, 531, 533, 538, 582, 591, 592,
615, 623, 630, 637
Objectives of development, 104, 107, 108
Obsolescent infrastructure, 211, 212
Offices, 5, 7, 8, 25, 75, 84–86, 92, 97, 98, 113,
116, 136, 153, 201, 205, 211, 215, 256,
261, 282, 348, 408, 589, 590, 592, 598,
609
Off-site disposal, 117
Operational risks, 519, 524
Operation and management, 171, 645
Operations research, 166, 167, 357–359, 364,
367–374
Opportunity costs, 41, 165, 223–225, 229, 231,
249, 537, 538
Optimal allocation, 186, 188, 191
Optimal-choice function, 192, 193
Optimal distribution, 186
Optimal level of congestion, 476, 477
Optimal resource allocation, 189
Optimal trade-off, 392, 394, 395, 399, 409
Optimization model, 395, 398
Optimization planning, 387, 391, 392, 396
Optimum allocation, 191, 193, 194
Optimum decision criterion, 442, 446
Optimum design, 165
Organisations, xii, 2, 3, 7, 8, 15–18, 28, 29, 34,
37, 55, 56, 120, 154, 165, 168, 179, 200,
227, 261, 267, 292, 301, 303, 316, 323,
327, 351, 355, 357, 363, 407, 504, 527,
535–537, 539, 563, 571, 580, 586, 587,
589–592, 603, 606–609, 615, 626, 631,
632, 635, 646, 647
Outline programme, 639
Overfishing, 119, 120
P
Pairwise comparisons, 414, 430–433
Parallel systems, 269, 270, 344
Pareto optimal, 186, 398, 401
Parking areas, 5, 17, 90, 91, 96, 136, 282, 598
Partial tax relief, 504
Payoff matrix, 404, 447, 452, 453
Payoff table, 442, 446, 447, 455
Pedestrian blocks, 152
Pedestrians, 62, 73, 74, 86–88, 91, 93, 95–97,
100, 152, 572
Per capita, 10, 26, 44, 108
Per capita consumption, 26
Perceived damage, 228
Performance characteristics, 253, 255–257
Performance evaluation, 169
Performance flaws, 501
Performance function, 274
Performance indicators, 57, 173
Performance matrix, 419, 439
Performance metrics, 169, 315, 316
Performance scale, 430
Performance standards, 527, 564
Periodic maintenance, 281
Personal welfare, 52, 193
Pertinent objectives, 384
Physical flows, 174–180
Physical instruments, 174
Physical vulnerability, 337
Planet B, 122
Plan impacts, 389
Planners, 25, 57, 139, 145, 165, 207, 244, 245,
296, 383–387, 389, 392, 394, 399, 400,
406–410
Planning
alternatives, 140, 267, 385, 387
approach, 146, 147, 149, 151
approaches, 166, 245, 267, 386, 387, 392,
394, 399
costs, 387, 389, 513, 542, 618, 624
goals, 150, 245, 303, 385, 396, 409
investment, 137, 138, 409
objectives, 148, 149, 186, 383, 385–392,
394–396, 398, 399
periods, 27, 145, 148–150, 152, 303, 580
purposes, 26, 245, 363
strategy (gies), 148, 155, 391, 582, 587
Plan period, 148, 149
Plot ratios, 76–78
Policy alternatives, 166, 409
Policy decisions, 166–168, 383, 480
Policy gap, 612, 614
Policy improvements, 624
Policy instruments, 51, 148–150, 169
Index
677