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magnetism in graphite: a density functional study. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(18), 187202 (2004)
99. J.J. Palacios, J. Fernandez-Rossier, L. Brey, Vacancy-induced magnetism in graphene and
graphene ribbons. Phys. Rev. B 77(19), 195428 (2008)
100. J. ˇ
Cervenka, M. Katsnelson, C. Flipse, Room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphite driven
by two-dimensional networks of point defects. Nat. Phys. 5(11), 840–844 (2009)
101. V.M. Pereira, F. Guinea, J.L. Dos Santos, N. Peres, A.C. Neto, Disorder induced localized
states in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(3), 036801 (2006)
102. C. Soldano, A. Mahmood, E. Dujardin, Production, properties and potential of graphene.
Carbon 48(8), 2127–2150 (2010)
103. M. Acik, Y.J. Chabal, Nature of graphene edges: a review. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 50(7), 070101
(2011)
104. S.S. Yu, W.T. Zheng, Effect of N/B doping on the electronic and field emission properties for
carbon nanotubes, carbon nanocones, and graphene nanoribbons. Nanoscale 2(7), 1069–1082
(2010)
105. Y. Kobayashi, K. Fukui, T. Enoki, K. Kusakabe, Y. Kaburagi, Observation of zigzag and
armchair edges of graphite using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Phys.
Rev. B 71(19), 193406 (2005)
106. X. Zhang, J.L. Kuo, M.X. Gu, P. Bai, C.Q. Sun, Graphene nanoribbon band-gap expansion: broken-bond-induced edge strain and quantum entrapment. Nanoscale 2(10), 2160–2163
(2010)
107. P. Koskinen, S. Malola, H. Hakkinen, Evidence for graphene edges beyond zigzag and
armchair. Phys. Rev. B 80, 073401 (2009)
108. U. Starke, C. Riedl, Epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) and SiC(000(1)over-bar): from surface
reconstructions to carbon electronics. J. Phys.-Condens. Matter 21(13), 134016 (2009)
109. T. Filleter, K.V. Emtsev, T. Seyller, R. Bennewitz, Local work function measurements of
epitaxial graphene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133117 (2008)
110. K.V. Emtsev, F. Speck, T. Seyller, L. Ley, J.D. Riley, Interaction, growth, and ordering of
epitaxial graphene on SiC{0001} surfaces: a comparative photoelectron spectroscopy study.
Phys. Rev. B 77(15), 155303 (2008)
111. C.-Y. Lin, H.W. Shiu, L.Y. Chang, C.-H. Chen, C.-S. Chang, F.S.-S. Chien, Core-level shift of
graphene with number of layers studied by microphotoelectron spectroscopy and electrostatic
force microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 118(43), 24898–24904 (2014)
112. C.Q. Sun, Thermo-mechanical behavior of low-dimensional systems: the local bond average
approach. Prog. Mater Sci. 54(2), 179–307 (2009)
113. S. Lizzit, G. Zampieri, L. Petaccia, R. Larciprete, P. Lacovig, E.D.L. Rienks, G. Bihlmayer,
A. Baraldi, P. Hofmann, Band dispersion in the deep 1 s core level of graphene. Nat. Phys. 6,
345–349 (2010)
114. A. Stacey, B.C.C. Cowie, J. Orwa, S. Prawer, A. Hoffman, Diamond C 1s core-level excitons:
Surface sensitivity. Phys. Rev. B 82(12), 125427 (2010)
115. C.Q. Sun, H.L. Bai, B.K. Tay, S. Li, E.Y. Jiang, Dimension, strength, and chemical and thermal
stability of a single C-C bond in carbon nanotubes. J. Phys. Chem. B 107(31), 7544–7546
(2003)
116. C.Q. Sun, Y. Sun, Y.G. Nie, Y. Wang, J.S. Pan, G. Ouyang, L.K. Pan, Z. Sun, Coordinationresolved C–C bond length and the C 1 s binding energy of carbon allotropes and the effective
atomic coordination of the few-layer graphene. J. Phys. Chem. C 113(37), 16464–16467
(2009)
117. W.T. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, B.K. Tay, Modulating the work function of carbon by N or O addition
and nanotip fabrication. Solid State Commun. 128(9–10), 381–384 (2003)