162
7 Carbon Allotropes
118. C.Q. Sun, Size dependence of nanostructures: impact of bond order deficiency. Prog. Solid
State Chem. 35(1), 1–159 (2007)
119. C.Q. Sun, Y. Nie, J. Pan, X. Zhang, S.Z. Ma, Y. Wang, W. Zheng, Zone-selective photoelectronic measurements of the local bonding and electronic dynamics associated with the
monolayer skin and point defects of graphite. RSC Adv 2(6), 2377–2383 (2012)
120. K. Ostrikov, Colloquium: reactive plasmas as a versatile nanofabrication tool. Rev. Mod. Phys.
77(2), 489–511 (2005)
121. D.Q. Yang, E. Sacher, s-p hybridization in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and its change
on surface modification, as studied by X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies. Surf.
Sci. 504(1–3), 125–137 (2002)
122. Y. Wang, X. Yang, J. Li, Z. Zhou, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Number-of-layer discriminated
graphene phonon softening and stiffening. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(16), 163109 (2011)
123. X.X. Yang, J.W. Li, Z.F. Zhou, Y. Wang, L.W. Yang, W.T. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Raman spectroscopic determination of the length, strength, compressibility, Debye temperature, elasticity,
and force constant of the C–C bond in graphene. Nanoscale 4(2), 502–510 (2012)
124. G. Speranza, N. Laidani, Measurement of the relative abundance of sp(2) and sp(3) hybridised
atoms in carbon based materials by XPS: a critical approach. Part I. Diam. Relat. Mater. 13(3),
445–450 (2004)
125. S. Takabayashi, K. Motomitsu, T. Takahagi, A. Terayama, K. Okamoto, T. Nakatani,
Qualitative analysis of a diamond like carbon film by angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 103542 (2007)
126. K.G. Saw, J. du Plessis, The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy C 1 s diamond peak of chemical
vapour deposition diamond from a sharp interfacial structure. Mater. Lett. 58(7–8), 1344–1348
(2004)
127. T. Balasubramanian, J.N. Andersen, L. Wallden, Surface-bulk core-level splitting in graphite.
Phys. Rev. B 64, 205420 (2001)
128. Y.M. Shulga, T.C. Tien, C.C. Huang, S.C. Lo, V. Muradyan, N.V. Polyakova, Y.C. Ling, R.O.
Loutfy, A.P. Moravsky, XPS study of fluorinated carbon multi-walled nanotubes. J. Electron
Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 160(1–3), 22–28 (2007)
129. A. Goldoni, R. Larciprete, L. Gregoratti, B. Kaulich, M. Kiskinova, Y. Zhang, H. Dai, L.
Sangaletti, F. Parmigiani, X-ray photoelectron microscopy of the C 1s core level of freestanding single-wall carbon nanotube bundles. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(12), 2165–2167 (2002)
130. P. Bennich, C. Puglia, P.A. Bruhwiler, A. Nilsson, A.J. Maxwell, A. Sandell, N. Martensson,
P. Rudolf, Photoemission study of K on graphite. Phys. Rev. B 59(12), 8292–8304 (1999)
131. C.S. Yannoni, P.P. Bernier, D.S. Bethune, G. Meijer, J.R. Salem, NMR determination of the
bond lengths in C60. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113(8), 3190–3192 (1991)
7 Carbon Allotropes
118. C.Q. Sun, Size dependence of nanostructures: impact of bond order deficiency. Prog. Solid
State Chem. 35(1), 1–159 (2007)
119. C.Q. Sun, Y. Nie, J. Pan, X. Zhang, S.Z. Ma, Y. Wang, W. Zheng, Zone-selective photoelectronic measurements of the local bonding and electronic dynamics associated with the
monolayer skin and point defects of graphite. RSC Adv 2(6), 2377–2383 (2012)
120. K. Ostrikov, Colloquium: reactive plasmas as a versatile nanofabrication tool. Rev. Mod. Phys.
77(2), 489–511 (2005)
121. D.Q. Yang, E. Sacher, s-p hybridization in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and its change
on surface modification, as studied by X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies. Surf.
Sci. 504(1–3), 125–137 (2002)
122. Y. Wang, X. Yang, J. Li, Z. Zhou, W. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Number-of-layer discriminated
graphene phonon softening and stiffening. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(16), 163109 (2011)
123. X.X. Yang, J.W. Li, Z.F. Zhou, Y. Wang, L.W. Yang, W.T. Zheng, C.Q. Sun, Raman spectroscopic determination of the length, strength, compressibility, Debye temperature, elasticity,
and force constant of the C–C bond in graphene. Nanoscale 4(2), 502–510 (2012)
124. G. Speranza, N. Laidani, Measurement of the relative abundance of sp(2) and sp(3) hybridised
atoms in carbon based materials by XPS: a critical approach. Part I. Diam. Relat. Mater. 13(3),
445–450 (2004)
125. S. Takabayashi, K. Motomitsu, T. Takahagi, A. Terayama, K. Okamoto, T. Nakatani,
Qualitative analysis of a diamond like carbon film by angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 103542 (2007)
126. K.G. Saw, J. du Plessis, The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy C 1 s diamond peak of chemical
vapour deposition diamond from a sharp interfacial structure. Mater. Lett. 58(7–8), 1344–1348
(2004)
127. T. Balasubramanian, J.N. Andersen, L. Wallden, Surface-bulk core-level splitting in graphite.
Phys. Rev. B 64, 205420 (2001)
128. Y.M. Shulga, T.C. Tien, C.C. Huang, S.C. Lo, V. Muradyan, N.V. Polyakova, Y.C. Ling, R.O.
Loutfy, A.P. Moravsky, XPS study of fluorinated carbon multi-walled nanotubes. J. Electron
Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 160(1–3), 22–28 (2007)
129. A. Goldoni, R. Larciprete, L. Gregoratti, B. Kaulich, M. Kiskinova, Y. Zhang, H. Dai, L.
Sangaletti, F. Parmigiani, X-ray photoelectron microscopy of the C 1s core level of freestanding single-wall carbon nanotube bundles. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(12), 2165–2167 (2002)
130. P. Bennich, C. Puglia, P.A. Bruhwiler, A. Nilsson, A.J. Maxwell, A. Sandell, N. Martensson,
P. Rudolf, Photoemission study of K on graphite. Phys. Rev. B 59(12), 8292–8304 (1999)
131. C.S. Yannoni, P.P. Bernier, D.S. Bethune, G. Meijer, J.R. Salem, NMR determination of the
bond lengths in C60. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113(8), 3190–3192 (1991)