112
6 Atomic Chains, Clusters, and Nanocrystals
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
DOS
Energy(eV)
Cu 147
Cu 55
Cu 13
Cu 147
Cu 55
Cu 13
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
LDOS
Energy(eV)
Cu 75
1st
2nd
3rd
Cu 75
1st
2nd
3rd
(a)
(b)
(c)
Fig. 6.8 STM/S positive-bias profiles of a Cu adatoms on Cu(111) surface, b Cu n -cluster sizeresolved valence DOS and, c Au 75 shell-resolved LDOS with respect to E F = 0 reference. Results
show consistently the undercoordination induced polarization. Reprinted with permission from [11,
62]. Copyright 2004 American Physical Society. Reproduced by permission of the PCCP Owner
Societies
6.5.2 APECS: Interface 2p and 3d Energy Shift
Yang and Sacher [65–67] systematically studied the 2p shift of Cu nanoparticles
deposited on HOPG and Cyclotene 3022 (CYCL, a polymer of microelectronic
industry interest) under various conditions using APECS. They also examined the
effect of Ar
+ and N
+ bombardment on the 2p energy shift of Cu nanocrystals.
Figure 6.10a, b show that both the 2p 3/2 and the Auger parameter shift following
the K
−1 scaling relation Eq. (1): ν (K )=K
−1
τ E ν (∞)
i≤3 C i
C
−m
i
− 1
=
B ν K
−1
± σ (0.01 ∼ 0.02), where B ν is the slope and σ the standard deviation of
linearization,
Wu et al. [68] examined the 2p shift for Cu films deposited on Al 2 O 3 substrate at
80 and 300 K substrate temperatures. They found that both the 2p 3/2 and the Auger
parameter shift not only with the film thickness but also with the substrate temperature, see Fig. 6.10c, d. Heating weakens interatomic interaction, which reduces the
2p 3/2 shift but increases the Auger energy E KM .
6 Atomic Chains, Clusters, and Nanocrystals
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
DOS
Energy(eV)
Cu 147
Cu 55
Cu 13
Cu 147
Cu 55
Cu 13
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
LDOS
Energy(eV)
Cu 75
1st
2nd
3rd
Cu 75
1st
2nd
3rd
(a)
(b)
(c)
Fig. 6.8 STM/S positive-bias profiles of a Cu adatoms on Cu(111) surface, b Cu n -cluster sizeresolved valence DOS and, c Au 75 shell-resolved LDOS with respect to E F = 0 reference. Results
show consistently the undercoordination induced polarization. Reprinted with permission from [11,
62]. Copyright 2004 American Physical Society. Reproduced by permission of the PCCP Owner
Societies
6.5.2 APECS: Interface 2p and 3d Energy Shift
Yang and Sacher [65–67] systematically studied the 2p shift of Cu nanoparticles
deposited on HOPG and Cyclotene 3022 (CYCL, a polymer of microelectronic
industry interest) under various conditions using APECS. They also examined the
effect of Ar
+ and N
+ bombardment on the 2p energy shift of Cu nanocrystals.
Figure 6.10a, b show that both the 2p 3/2 and the Auger parameter shift following
the K
−1 scaling relation Eq. (1): ν (K )=K
−1
τ E ν (∞)
i≤3 C i
C
−m
i
− 1
=
B ν K
−1
± σ (0.01 ∼ 0.02), where B ν is the slope and σ the standard deviation of
linearization,
Wu et al. [68] examined the 2p shift for Cu films deposited on Al 2 O 3 substrate at
80 and 300 K substrate temperatures. They found that both the 2p 3/2 and the Auger
parameter shift not only with the film thickness but also with the substrate temperature, see Fig. 6.10c, d. Heating weakens interatomic interaction, which reduces the
2p 3/2 shift but increases the Auger energy E KM .