12 Evaluating Disinfection Techniques of Water Treatment …
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reliability refers to the ability of disinfection method for achieving satisfactory performances for a certain condition for specific time period. Reliability in water disinfection technique can be viewed as the percentage to which treated water quality
complies with World Health organization (WHO) standard (Niku et al. 1982). To
be selected as the reliable system, water disinfection technique must give highest
performance and effectiveness during normal and emergencies operations. Hence,
in water treatment reliability of disinfection methods are measured with regard to
effluent quality and consistency with drinking water standards (Karimi et al. 2010).
12.3.4 Operational Simplicity (OS)
Comparison of disinfection method should consider the operational and maintenance
need of the system. If disinfection process requires skilled workers especially in
remote areas, decision makers can reject it. Curiel-Esparza et al. (2014) As the
long-term success of the system is determined by simplicity (Karimi et al. 2010),
maintenance and operational simplicity should be the main issue in ranking and
selecting the disinfection methods.
12.3.5 Pathogen Removal Efficiency (PRE)
The water treated using different treatment process should be disinfected until the
final effluent comply with the WHO standard for drinking water (EPA 2011). This
criterion evaluates the capability of disinfection method to eliminate pathogens and
contaminants from the water. The pathogen removal efficiency of water disinfection
process can be assessed from full treatment plant and its past experience studies
(Karimi et al. 2010). So far many study has been used pathogen removal efficiency
criteria for evaluating of water and wastewater disinfection alternatives (Gelete et al.
2020; Grunert et al. 2018).
12.3.6 Undesirable Byproduct Formation (UBF)
When disinfection chemicals react with other organic or inorganic chemicals in water
disinfection products will be formed. According to these byproducts have adverse
human health effect if consumed (Lantagne et al. 2010; Smith et al. 2010). Therefore,
UBF is used in this study as one of the main criteria’s t evaluate and rank different
water disinfectant techniques.
107
reliability refers to the ability of disinfection method for achieving satisfactory performances for a certain condition for specific time period. Reliability in water disinfection technique can be viewed as the percentage to which treated water quality
complies with World Health organization (WHO) standard (Niku et al. 1982). To
be selected as the reliable system, water disinfection technique must give highest
performance and effectiveness during normal and emergencies operations. Hence,
in water treatment reliability of disinfection methods are measured with regard to
effluent quality and consistency with drinking water standards (Karimi et al. 2010).
12.3.4 Operational Simplicity (OS)
Comparison of disinfection method should consider the operational and maintenance
need of the system. If disinfection process requires skilled workers especially in
remote areas, decision makers can reject it. Curiel-Esparza et al. (2014) As the
long-term success of the system is determined by simplicity (Karimi et al. 2010),
maintenance and operational simplicity should be the main issue in ranking and
selecting the disinfection methods.
12.3.5 Pathogen Removal Efficiency (PRE)
The water treated using different treatment process should be disinfected until the
final effluent comply with the WHO standard for drinking water (EPA 2011). This
criterion evaluates the capability of disinfection method to eliminate pathogens and
contaminants from the water. The pathogen removal efficiency of water disinfection
process can be assessed from full treatment plant and its past experience studies
(Karimi et al. 2010). So far many study has been used pathogen removal efficiency
criteria for evaluating of water and wastewater disinfection alternatives (Gelete et al.
2020; Grunert et al. 2018).
12.3.6 Undesirable Byproduct Formation (UBF)
When disinfection chemicals react with other organic or inorganic chemicals in water
disinfection products will be formed. According to these byproducts have adverse
human health effect if consumed (Lantagne et al. 2010; Smith et al. 2010). Therefore,
UBF is used in this study as one of the main criteria’s t evaluate and rank different
water disinfectant techniques.