12 Evaluating Disinfection Techniques of Water Treatment …
103
Anojkumar et al. (2014) compared the ranking performances of different multicriteria decision making (MCDM) techniques (viz. VIKOR, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE
and ELECTRE) for selection of pipe materials and found that the application of
VIKOR is valuable assistant in decision making problems.
Therefore, the main objective of the study is to analyze different techniques of
water disinfection using Multi-criteria decision making technique by VIKOR to
select the best alternative among the water disinfection methods. There are different
options to achieve the objective of water disinfection process. Therefore, these alternative should be compared and evaluated against different criteria’s such as economic,
social and effectiveness using different techniques. The process of selecting the
alternatives should include cost, effectiveness of the method and service life of the
system.
12.2 Water Disinfection Techniques
12.2.1 Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR)
The first application of UVR irradiation in drinking water as disinfection process
was started in 1910 in Marseille (Hijnen et al. 2006). Nowadays, its usage is getting
a growing interest for tertiary disinfection in drinking water treatment. In UVR
disinfection process, the water is exposed to short wave radiation so as to kill and
inactivate the disease causing microorganisms (EPA 2011).
At present, ultraviolet radiation is a widely used disinfectant in water treatment due to its capacity to inactivate a variety of disease-causing microorganisms (Chatzisymeon et al. 2011). The use of UVR for water disinfection has been
increasing as it is effective method to kill and in activate different microorganisms in
water. It has several advantages over chemical disinfection methods (e.g., Ozonation,
Chlorination), such as no formation of harmful disinfection byproduct, no addition
of chemical, less cost, straightforward to maintain, and is an incredibly rapid process
(Mori et al. 2007). Most researchers have been recommended UVR disinfection to
substitute for other chemical disinfection methods in water treatment (Brownell et al.
2008). Despite what might be expected, the lack of residual disinfection is the main
disadvantage of utilizing UVR. Disinfection innovation is supposed to be perfect
when it is financially savvy and doesn’t create side effects (e.g., harmful byproduct)
(Chen et al. 2007).
Ultraviolet radiation is a compelling disinfectant, and it doesn’t impact the quality
of water being treated. This is the fact that ultraviolet radiation is a physical method
for removing microorganisms, i.e., no chemical is used for disinfecting water, and
the water doesn’t experience any chemical change. Subsequently, the pH, taste, and
smell are not changed, as the main objective is only the pathogens (Gelete et al. 2020).
Notwithstanding drinking water treatment, this strategy can likewise be applied in
the purification of treated wastewater.
103
Anojkumar et al. (2014) compared the ranking performances of different multicriteria decision making (MCDM) techniques (viz. VIKOR, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE
and ELECTRE) for selection of pipe materials and found that the application of
VIKOR is valuable assistant in decision making problems.
Therefore, the main objective of the study is to analyze different techniques of
water disinfection using Multi-criteria decision making technique by VIKOR to
select the best alternative among the water disinfection methods. There are different
options to achieve the objective of water disinfection process. Therefore, these alternative should be compared and evaluated against different criteria’s such as economic,
social and effectiveness using different techniques. The process of selecting the
alternatives should include cost, effectiveness of the method and service life of the
system.
12.2 Water Disinfection Techniques
12.2.1 Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR)
The first application of UVR irradiation in drinking water as disinfection process
was started in 1910 in Marseille (Hijnen et al. 2006). Nowadays, its usage is getting
a growing interest for tertiary disinfection in drinking water treatment. In UVR
disinfection process, the water is exposed to short wave radiation so as to kill and
inactivate the disease causing microorganisms (EPA 2011).
At present, ultraviolet radiation is a widely used disinfectant in water treatment due to its capacity to inactivate a variety of disease-causing microorganisms (Chatzisymeon et al. 2011). The use of UVR for water disinfection has been
increasing as it is effective method to kill and in activate different microorganisms in
water. It has several advantages over chemical disinfection methods (e.g., Ozonation,
Chlorination), such as no formation of harmful disinfection byproduct, no addition
of chemical, less cost, straightforward to maintain, and is an incredibly rapid process
(Mori et al. 2007). Most researchers have been recommended UVR disinfection to
substitute for other chemical disinfection methods in water treatment (Brownell et al.
2008). Despite what might be expected, the lack of residual disinfection is the main
disadvantage of utilizing UVR. Disinfection innovation is supposed to be perfect
when it is financially savvy and doesn’t create side effects (e.g., harmful byproduct)
(Chen et al. 2007).
Ultraviolet radiation is a compelling disinfectant, and it doesn’t impact the quality
of water being treated. This is the fact that ultraviolet radiation is a physical method
for removing microorganisms, i.e., no chemical is used for disinfecting water, and
the water doesn’t experience any chemical change. Subsequently, the pH, taste, and
smell are not changed, as the main objective is only the pathogens (Gelete et al. 2020).
Notwithstanding drinking water treatment, this strategy can likewise be applied in
the purification of treated wastewater.