success in achieving its climate change mitigation goals from peatlands will depend
on its ability to measure progress and evaluate the impacts and effectiveness of
mitigation actions, for which reliable GHGs inventories are essential. The best
available data can be used as the basis for estimation and more measurements and
studies are needed to complement existing data toward achieving reliable estimates
of GHGs emission in tropical peatlands, including drained peatlands, post-fire
peatlands, and in restored peatlands, during dry and wet seasons. The development
of existing integration framework/system can be used as a foundation to integrate
data, methods, models, and other input parameters that are important to monitor
peatlands condition, to control and prevent peatland degradations, and to assess the
impact of management activities and mitigation actions. The integrated MRV for
peatlands is important to support sustainable peatland management to cope with
climate change and also support transparency in peatland management.
References
Beetz S, Liebersbach H, Glatzel S, Jurasinski G, Buczko U, Hoper H (2013) Effects of land use
intensity on the full greenhouse gas balance in an Atlantic peat bog. Biogeosciences
10:1067–1082. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1067-2013
Carlson KM, Goodman LK, May-Tobin CC (2015) Modeling relationships between water table
depth and peat soil carbon loss in southeast Asian plantations. Environ Res Lett 10:74006
Cole LES, Bhagwat SA, Willis KJ. 2019. Fire in the swamp forest: palaeoecological insights into
natural and human-induced burning in intact tropical peatlands. Front For Glob Change,
28 August 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2019.00048
Couwenberg J, Dommain R, Joosten H (2009) Greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peatlands in
Southeast Asia. Glob Change Biol 16:1715–1732. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.
02016.x
Deshmukh CS, Julius D, Evans CD, Nardi SAP, Page SE, Gauci V, Laurén A, Sabiham S, Agus F,
Asyhari A, Kurnianto S, Suardiwerianto Y, Desai AR (2020) Impact of forest plantation on
methane emissions from tropical peatland. Glob Chang Biol (2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/
gcb.15019
GFOI (2016) Integrating remote-sensing and ground based observations for estimation of emission
and removals of greenhouse gases in forests: methods and guidance from the global forest
observations initiative. Group on Earth Observations, Geneva
Giam X, Koh LP, Tan HH, Miettinen J, Tan HTW, Ng PKL (2012) Global extinctions of freshwater
fishes follow peatland conversion in Sundaland. Front Ecol Env 10:465–470. https://doi.org/10.
1890/110182
Holidi AME, Damiri N, Putranto DDA (2019) Characteristics of selected peatland uses and soil
moisture based on TVDI. J Ecol Eng 20(4):194–200. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/
102987
Hooijer A, Page S, Canadell J, Silvius M, Kwadijk J, Wosten H, Jauhiainen J (2010) Current and
future CO 2 emission from drained peatlands in Southeast Asia. Biogeosciences 7:1505–1514.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1505-2010
Hooijer A, Page S, Navratil P, Vernimmen R, Van der Vat M, Tansey K, Konecny K, Siegert F,
Ballhorn U, Mawdsley M (2014) Carbon emission from drained and degraded peat land in
Indonesia and emission factors for measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of peat land
greenhouse gas emission - summary of KFCP research results for practitioners. IAFCP, Jakarta
15 Climate-Responsible Management of Tropical Peatlands: The Need for Integrated. . .
459
on its ability to measure progress and evaluate the impacts and effectiveness of
mitigation actions, for which reliable GHGs inventories are essential. The best
available data can be used as the basis for estimation and more measurements and
studies are needed to complement existing data toward achieving reliable estimates
of GHGs emission in tropical peatlands, including drained peatlands, post-fire
peatlands, and in restored peatlands, during dry and wet seasons. The development
of existing integration framework/system can be used as a foundation to integrate
data, methods, models, and other input parameters that are important to monitor
peatlands condition, to control and prevent peatland degradations, and to assess the
impact of management activities and mitigation actions. The integrated MRV for
peatlands is important to support sustainable peatland management to cope with
climate change and also support transparency in peatland management.
References
Beetz S, Liebersbach H, Glatzel S, Jurasinski G, Buczko U, Hoper H (2013) Effects of land use
intensity on the full greenhouse gas balance in an Atlantic peat bog. Biogeosciences
10:1067–1082. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1067-2013
Carlson KM, Goodman LK, May-Tobin CC (2015) Modeling relationships between water table
depth and peat soil carbon loss in southeast Asian plantations. Environ Res Lett 10:74006
Cole LES, Bhagwat SA, Willis KJ. 2019. Fire in the swamp forest: palaeoecological insights into
natural and human-induced burning in intact tropical peatlands. Front For Glob Change,
28 August 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2019.00048
Couwenberg J, Dommain R, Joosten H (2009) Greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peatlands in
Southeast Asia. Glob Change Biol 16:1715–1732. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.
02016.x
Deshmukh CS, Julius D, Evans CD, Nardi SAP, Page SE, Gauci V, Laurén A, Sabiham S, Agus F,
Asyhari A, Kurnianto S, Suardiwerianto Y, Desai AR (2020) Impact of forest plantation on
methane emissions from tropical peatland. Glob Chang Biol (2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/
gcb.15019
GFOI (2016) Integrating remote-sensing and ground based observations for estimation of emission
and removals of greenhouse gases in forests: methods and guidance from the global forest
observations initiative. Group on Earth Observations, Geneva
Giam X, Koh LP, Tan HH, Miettinen J, Tan HTW, Ng PKL (2012) Global extinctions of freshwater
fishes follow peatland conversion in Sundaland. Front Ecol Env 10:465–470. https://doi.org/10.
1890/110182
Holidi AME, Damiri N, Putranto DDA (2019) Characteristics of selected peatland uses and soil
moisture based on TVDI. J Ecol Eng 20(4):194–200. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/
102987
Hooijer A, Page S, Canadell J, Silvius M, Kwadijk J, Wosten H, Jauhiainen J (2010) Current and
future CO 2 emission from drained peatlands in Southeast Asia. Biogeosciences 7:1505–1514.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1505-2010
Hooijer A, Page S, Navratil P, Vernimmen R, Van der Vat M, Tansey K, Konecny K, Siegert F,
Ballhorn U, Mawdsley M (2014) Carbon emission from drained and degraded peat land in
Indonesia and emission factors for measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of peat land
greenhouse gas emission - summary of KFCP research results for practitioners. IAFCP, Jakarta
15 Climate-Responsible Management of Tropical Peatlands: The Need for Integrated. . .
459