12
1 General Introduction
mesoporous hybrid materials [19] and MOFs [20]. It is worth to note that the dielectric phenomena associated to dipolar rotors can be tuned and switched by applying
external electric field to the amphidynamic crystals or by temperature change [15c].
Recently, control of the conjugation environment with luminescence properties has
been challenged using amphidynamic crystalline system. Garcia-Garibay M.A. et al.
have reported the conjugation control through molecular rotation of dumbbell-shaped
organic molecules (Fig. 1.9d) [21]. Dinca and co-workers have reported that luminescence of the MOFs possessing a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moiety in ligand can
exhibit luminescence intensity change through degree of inclusion of NH 3 molecules
in the MOF framework which associate to rotation of the phenyl rings in the TPE
(Fig. 1.9e) [22]. However, it has been still challenging subject that material design
for fine control of solid-state luminescence properties because tuning the electronical
environment (or conjugation system) in solid-phase is difficult.
References
1. Sagara Y, Yamane S, Mitani M, Weder C, Kato T (2016) Mechanoresponsive luminescent
molecular assemblies: an emerging class of materials. Adv Mater 28:1073–1095
2. Mutai T, Satou H, Araki K (2005) Reproducible on–off switching of solid-state luminescence
by controlling molecular packing through heat-mode interconversion. Nat Mater 4:685–687
3. (a) Sagara Y, Mutai T, Yoshikawa I, Araki K (2007) Material design for piezochromic luminescence: hydrogen-bond-directed assemblies of a pyrene derivative. J Am Chem Soc 129:1520–
1521. (b) Sagara Y, Komatsu T, Ueno T, Hanaoka K, Kato T, Nagano T (2013) A watersoluble mechanochromic luminescent pyrene derivative exhibiting recovery of the initial
photoluminescence color in a high-humidity environment. Adv Funct Mater 23:5277–5284
4. Luo X, Zhao W, Shi J, Li C, Liu Z, Bo Z, Dong YQ, Tang BZ (2012) Reversible switching emissions of tetraphenylethene derivatives among multiple colors with solvent vapor, mechanical,
and thermal stimuli. J Phys Chem C 116:21967–21972
5. (a) Assefa Z, Omary MA, McBurnett BG, Mohamed AA, Patterson HH, Staples RJ, Fackler JP
(2002) Syntheses, structure, and photoluminescence properties of the 1-dimensional chain compounds [(TPA) 2 Au][Au(CN) 2 ] and (TPA)AuCl (TPA = 1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantane).
Inorg Chem 41:6274–6280. (b) Grey JK, Butler IS, Reber C (2003) Pressure-induced enhancements of luminescence intensities and lifetimes correlated with emitting-state distortions
for thiocyanate and selenocyanate complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II). Inorg Chem
42:6503-6518. (c) Lee YA, Eisenberg R (2003) Luminescence tribochromism and bright emission in gold(i) thiouracilate complexes. J Am Chem Soc 125:7778–7779. (d) Schneider J, Lee
YA, Pérez J, Brennessel WW, Flaschenriem C, Eisenberg R (2008) Strong intra- and intermolecular aurophilic interactions in a new series of brilliantly luminescent dinuclear cationic
and neutral Au(I) benzimidazolethiolate complexes. Inorg Chem 47:957–968
6. (a) Ito H, Saito T, Oshima N, Kitamura N, Ishizaka S, Hinatsu Y, Wakeshima M, Kato M,
Tsuge K, Sawamura M (2008) Reversible mechanochromic luminescence of [(C6F5Au) 2 (μ1,4-Diisocyanobenzene)]. J Am Chem Soc 130:10044–10045. (b) Seki T, Ozaki T, Ohkura
T, Asakura K, Sakon A, Uekusa H, Ito H (2015) Interconvertible multiple photoluminescence color of a gold(i) isocyanide complex in the solid state: solvent-induced blue-shifted
and mechano-responsive red-shifted photoluminescence. Chem Sci 6:2187–2195. (c) Yagai
S, Seki T, Aonuma H, Kawabuchi K, Karatsu T, Okura T, Sakon A, Uekusa H, Ito H (2015)
Mechanochromic luminescence based on crystal-to-crystal transformation mediated by a transient amorphous state. Chem Mat 28:234–241. (d) Seki T, Takamatsu Y, Ito H (2016) A
1 General Introduction
mesoporous hybrid materials [19] and MOFs [20]. It is worth to note that the dielectric phenomena associated to dipolar rotors can be tuned and switched by applying
external electric field to the amphidynamic crystals or by temperature change [15c].
Recently, control of the conjugation environment with luminescence properties has
been challenged using amphidynamic crystalline system. Garcia-Garibay M.A. et al.
have reported the conjugation control through molecular rotation of dumbbell-shaped
organic molecules (Fig. 1.9d) [21]. Dinca and co-workers have reported that luminescence of the MOFs possessing a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) moiety in ligand can
exhibit luminescence intensity change through degree of inclusion of NH 3 molecules
in the MOF framework which associate to rotation of the phenyl rings in the TPE
(Fig. 1.9e) [22]. However, it has been still challenging subject that material design
for fine control of solid-state luminescence properties because tuning the electronical
environment (or conjugation system) in solid-phase is difficult.
References
1. Sagara Y, Yamane S, Mitani M, Weder C, Kato T (2016) Mechanoresponsive luminescent
molecular assemblies: an emerging class of materials. Adv Mater 28:1073–1095
2. Mutai T, Satou H, Araki K (2005) Reproducible on–off switching of solid-state luminescence
by controlling molecular packing through heat-mode interconversion. Nat Mater 4:685–687
3. (a) Sagara Y, Mutai T, Yoshikawa I, Araki K (2007) Material design for piezochromic luminescence: hydrogen-bond-directed assemblies of a pyrene derivative. J Am Chem Soc 129:1520–
1521. (b) Sagara Y, Komatsu T, Ueno T, Hanaoka K, Kato T, Nagano T (2013) A watersoluble mechanochromic luminescent pyrene derivative exhibiting recovery of the initial
photoluminescence color in a high-humidity environment. Adv Funct Mater 23:5277–5284
4. Luo X, Zhao W, Shi J, Li C, Liu Z, Bo Z, Dong YQ, Tang BZ (2012) Reversible switching emissions of tetraphenylethene derivatives among multiple colors with solvent vapor, mechanical,
and thermal stimuli. J Phys Chem C 116:21967–21972
5. (a) Assefa Z, Omary MA, McBurnett BG, Mohamed AA, Patterson HH, Staples RJ, Fackler JP
(2002) Syntheses, structure, and photoluminescence properties of the 1-dimensional chain compounds [(TPA) 2 Au][Au(CN) 2 ] and (TPA)AuCl (TPA = 1,3,5-Triaza-7-phosphaadamantane).
Inorg Chem 41:6274–6280. (b) Grey JK, Butler IS, Reber C (2003) Pressure-induced enhancements of luminescence intensities and lifetimes correlated with emitting-state distortions
for thiocyanate and selenocyanate complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II). Inorg Chem
42:6503-6518. (c) Lee YA, Eisenberg R (2003) Luminescence tribochromism and bright emission in gold(i) thiouracilate complexes. J Am Chem Soc 125:7778–7779. (d) Schneider J, Lee
YA, Pérez J, Brennessel WW, Flaschenriem C, Eisenberg R (2008) Strong intra- and intermolecular aurophilic interactions in a new series of brilliantly luminescent dinuclear cationic
and neutral Au(I) benzimidazolethiolate complexes. Inorg Chem 47:957–968
6. (a) Ito H, Saito T, Oshima N, Kitamura N, Ishizaka S, Hinatsu Y, Wakeshima M, Kato M,
Tsuge K, Sawamura M (2008) Reversible mechanochromic luminescence of [(C6F5Au) 2 (μ1,4-Diisocyanobenzene)]. J Am Chem Soc 130:10044–10045. (b) Seki T, Ozaki T, Ohkura
T, Asakura K, Sakon A, Uekusa H, Ito H (2015) Interconvertible multiple photoluminescence color of a gold(i) isocyanide complex in the solid state: solvent-induced blue-shifted
and mechano-responsive red-shifted photoluminescence. Chem Sci 6:2187–2195. (c) Yagai
S, Seki T, Aonuma H, Kawabuchi K, Karatsu T, Okura T, Sakon A, Uekusa H, Ito H (2015)
Mechanochromic luminescence based on crystal-to-crystal transformation mediated by a transient amorphous state. Chem Mat 28:234–241. (d) Seki T, Takamatsu Y, Ito H (2016) A