35. Nagtegaal ID, Quirke P (2008) What is the role for the circumferential margin in the modern
treatment of rectal cancer? J Clin Oncol 26(2):303–312
36. Dotan ZA, Kavanagh K, Yossepowitch O, Kaag M, Olgac S, Donat M, Herr HW (2007)
Positive surgical margins in soft tissue following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and
cancer specific survival. J Urol 178(6):2308–2312. discussion 2313
37. Reyna C, DeSnyder SM (2018) Intraoperative margin assessment in breast cancer management.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 27(1):155–165
38. Hong X, Li T, Ling F, Yang D, Hou L, Li F, Tan W (2017) Impact of surgical margin status on
the outcome of bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 8
(10):17258–17269
39. Nguyen QT, Tsien RY (2013) Fluorescence-guided surgery with live molecular navigation – a
new cutting edge. Nat Rev Cancer 13(9):653–662
40. Wang C, Wang Z, Zhao T, Li Y, Huang G, Sumer BD, Gao J (2018) Optical molecular imaging
for tumor detection and image-guided surgery. Biomaterials 157:62–75
41. Hiroshima Y, Maawy A, Metildi CA, Zhang Y, Uehara F, Miwa S, Yano S, Sato S,
Murakami T, Momiyama M et al (2014) Successful fluorescence-guided surgery on human
colon cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models using a fluorophoreconjugated anti-CEA antibody and a portable imaging system. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg
Tech A 24(4):241–247
42. Yamamoto J, Kakeda S, Yoneda T, Ogura SI, Shimajiri S, Tanaka T, Korogi Y, Nishizawa S
(2017) Improving contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging using 5-aminolevulinic
acid-induced protoporphyrin IX for high-grade gliomas. Oncol Lett 13(3):1269–1275
43. Schaafsma BE, Mieog JS, Hutteman M, van der Vorst JR, Kuppen PJ, Lowik CW, Frangioni
JV, van de Velde CJ, Vahrmeijer AL (2011) The clinical use of indocyanine green as a nearinfrared fluorescent contrast agent for image-guided oncologic surgery. J Surg Oncol 104
(3):323–332
44. Verbeek FP, van der Vorst JR, Schaafsma BE, Swijnenburg RJ, Gaarenstroom KN, Elzevier
HW, van de Velde CJ, Frangioni JV, Vahrmeijer AL (2013) Intraoperative near infrared
fluorescence guided identification of the ureters using low dose methylene blue: a first in
human experience. J Urol 190(2):574–579
45. Stummer W, Novotny A, Stepp H, Goetz C, Bise K, Reulen HJ (2000) Fluorescence-guided
resection of glioblastoma multiforme by using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced porphyrins: a
prospective study in 52 consecutive patients. J Neurosurg 93(6):1003–1013
46. Stummer W, Pichlmeier U, Meinel T, Wiestler OD, Zanella F, Reulen HJ, Group AL-GS (2006)
Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid for resection of malignant glioma: a
randomised controlled multicentre phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 7(5):392–401
47. Shou K, Qu C, Sun Y, Chen H, Chen S, Zhang L, Xu H, Hong X, Yu A, Cheng Z (2017)
Multifunctional biomedical imaging in physiological and pathological conditions using a
NIR-II probe. Adv Funct Mater 27(23):1700995
48. Antaris AL, Chen H, Cheng K, Sun Y, Hong G, Qu C, Diao S, Deng Z, Hu X, Zhang B et al
(2016) A small-molecule dye for NIR-II imaging. Nat Mater 15(2):235–242
49. Liu Y, Wang Z, Li X, Ma X, Wang S, Kang F, Yang W, Ma W, Wang J (2019) Near-infrared
fluorescent peptides with high tumor selectivity: novel probes for image-guided surgical
resection of orthotopic glioma. Mol Pharm 16:108–117
50. Vahrmeijer AL, Hutteman M, van der Vorst JR, van de Velde CJ, Frangioni JV (2013) Imageguided cancer surgery using near-infrared fluorescence. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10(9):507–518
51. van der Poel HG, Buckle T, Brouwer OR, Valdes Olmos RA, van Leeuwen FW (2011)
Intraoperative laparoscopic fluorescence guidance to the sentinel lymph node in prostate cancer
patients: clinical proof of concept of an integrated functional imaging approach using a
multimodal tracer. Eur Urol 60(4):826–833
52. Mieog JS, Troyan SL, Hutteman M, Donohoe KJ, van der Vorst JR, Stockdale A, Liefers GJ,
Choi HS, Gibbs-Strauss SL, Putter H et al (2011) Toward optimization of imaging system and
lymphatic tracer for near-infrared fluorescent sentinel lymph node mapping in breast cancer.
Ann Surg Oncol 18(9):2483–2491
The Present and Future of Optical Imaging Technologies in the Clinic:. . .
221
treatment of rectal cancer? J Clin Oncol 26(2):303–312
36. Dotan ZA, Kavanagh K, Yossepowitch O, Kaag M, Olgac S, Donat M, Herr HW (2007)
Positive surgical margins in soft tissue following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and
cancer specific survival. J Urol 178(6):2308–2312. discussion 2313
37. Reyna C, DeSnyder SM (2018) Intraoperative margin assessment in breast cancer management.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 27(1):155–165
38. Hong X, Li T, Ling F, Yang D, Hou L, Li F, Tan W (2017) Impact of surgical margin status on
the outcome of bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 8
(10):17258–17269
39. Nguyen QT, Tsien RY (2013) Fluorescence-guided surgery with live molecular navigation – a
new cutting edge. Nat Rev Cancer 13(9):653–662
40. Wang C, Wang Z, Zhao T, Li Y, Huang G, Sumer BD, Gao J (2018) Optical molecular imaging
for tumor detection and image-guided surgery. Biomaterials 157:62–75
41. Hiroshima Y, Maawy A, Metildi CA, Zhang Y, Uehara F, Miwa S, Yano S, Sato S,
Murakami T, Momiyama M et al (2014) Successful fluorescence-guided surgery on human
colon cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models using a fluorophoreconjugated anti-CEA antibody and a portable imaging system. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg
Tech A 24(4):241–247
42. Yamamoto J, Kakeda S, Yoneda T, Ogura SI, Shimajiri S, Tanaka T, Korogi Y, Nishizawa S
(2017) Improving contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging using 5-aminolevulinic
acid-induced protoporphyrin IX for high-grade gliomas. Oncol Lett 13(3):1269–1275
43. Schaafsma BE, Mieog JS, Hutteman M, van der Vorst JR, Kuppen PJ, Lowik CW, Frangioni
JV, van de Velde CJ, Vahrmeijer AL (2011) The clinical use of indocyanine green as a nearinfrared fluorescent contrast agent for image-guided oncologic surgery. J Surg Oncol 104
(3):323–332
44. Verbeek FP, van der Vorst JR, Schaafsma BE, Swijnenburg RJ, Gaarenstroom KN, Elzevier
HW, van de Velde CJ, Frangioni JV, Vahrmeijer AL (2013) Intraoperative near infrared
fluorescence guided identification of the ureters using low dose methylene blue: a first in
human experience. J Urol 190(2):574–579
45. Stummer W, Novotny A, Stepp H, Goetz C, Bise K, Reulen HJ (2000) Fluorescence-guided
resection of glioblastoma multiforme by using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced porphyrins: a
prospective study in 52 consecutive patients. J Neurosurg 93(6):1003–1013
46. Stummer W, Pichlmeier U, Meinel T, Wiestler OD, Zanella F, Reulen HJ, Group AL-GS (2006)
Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid for resection of malignant glioma: a
randomised controlled multicentre phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 7(5):392–401
47. Shou K, Qu C, Sun Y, Chen H, Chen S, Zhang L, Xu H, Hong X, Yu A, Cheng Z (2017)
Multifunctional biomedical imaging in physiological and pathological conditions using a
NIR-II probe. Adv Funct Mater 27(23):1700995
48. Antaris AL, Chen H, Cheng K, Sun Y, Hong G, Qu C, Diao S, Deng Z, Hu X, Zhang B et al
(2016) A small-molecule dye for NIR-II imaging. Nat Mater 15(2):235–242
49. Liu Y, Wang Z, Li X, Ma X, Wang S, Kang F, Yang W, Ma W, Wang J (2019) Near-infrared
fluorescent peptides with high tumor selectivity: novel probes for image-guided surgical
resection of orthotopic glioma. Mol Pharm 16:108–117
50. Vahrmeijer AL, Hutteman M, van der Vorst JR, van de Velde CJ, Frangioni JV (2013) Imageguided cancer surgery using near-infrared fluorescence. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10(9):507–518
51. van der Poel HG, Buckle T, Brouwer OR, Valdes Olmos RA, van Leeuwen FW (2011)
Intraoperative laparoscopic fluorescence guidance to the sentinel lymph node in prostate cancer
patients: clinical proof of concept of an integrated functional imaging approach using a
multimodal tracer. Eur Urol 60(4):826–833
52. Mieog JS, Troyan SL, Hutteman M, Donohoe KJ, van der Vorst JR, Stockdale A, Liefers GJ,
Choi HS, Gibbs-Strauss SL, Putter H et al (2011) Toward optimization of imaging system and
lymphatic tracer for near-infrared fluorescent sentinel lymph node mapping in breast cancer.
Ann Surg Oncol 18(9):2483–2491
The Present and Future of Optical Imaging Technologies in the Clinic:. . .
221