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117. Baird GS, Zacharias DA, Tsien RY (1999) Circular permutation and receptor insertion within
green fluorescent proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(20):11241–11246
118. Nagai T et al (2001) Circularly permuted green fluorescent proteins engineered to sense Ca2+.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(6):3197–3202
119. Ohkura M et al (2005) Genetically encoded bright Ca2+ probe applicable for dynamic Ca2+
imaging of dendritic spines. Anal Chem 77(18):5861–5869
120. Kawai Y, Sato M, Umezawa Y (2004) Single color fluorescent indicators of protein phosphorylation for multicolor imaging of intracellular signal flow dynamics. Anal Chem 76
(20):6144–6149
121. Gautam SG et al (2009) Exploration of fluorescent protein voltage probes based on circularly
permuted fluorescent proteins. Front Neuroeng 2:14
122. Knopfel T et al (2003) Optical recordings of membrane potential using genetically targeted
voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins. Methods 30(1):42–48
180
U. K. Sukumar et al.
the competition for dimerization in living cells. Mol Cell Biol 24(10):4294–4308
99. Vidi PA et al (2008) Ligand-dependent oligomerization of dopamine D(2) and adenosine A
(2A) receptors in living neuronal cells. Mol Pharmacol 74(3):544–551
100. Niu W, Guo J (2013) Expanding the chemistry of fluorescent protein biosensors through
genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids. Mol Biosyst 9(12):2961–2970
101. Ayyadurai N et al (2011) Development of a selective, sensitive, and reversible biosensor by the
genetic incorporation of a metal-binding site into green fluorescent protein. Angew Chem Int
Ed Engl 50(29):6534–6537
102. Niu W, Guo J (2017) Novel fluorescence-based biosensors incorporating unnatural amino
acids. Methods Enzymol 589:191–219
103. Wang F et al (2012) Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis of fluorescent proteins. Angew Chem
Int Ed Engl 51(40):10132–10135
104. Chen S et al (2012) Reaction-based genetically encoded fluorescent hydrogen sulfide sensors.
J Am Chem Soc 134(23):9589–9592
105. Chen ZJ et al (2013) Genetically encoded fluorescent probe for the selective detection of
peroxynitrite. J Am Chem Soc 135(40):14940–14943
106. Alford SC et al (2012) A fluorogenic red fluorescent protein heterodimer. Chem Biol 19
(3):353–360
107. Alford SC et al (2012) Dimerization-dependent green and yellow fluorescent proteins. ACS
Synth Biol 1(12):569–575
108. Thornton JM, Sibanda BL (1983) Amino and carboxy-terminal regions in globular proteins.
J Mol Biol 167(2):443–460
109. Bliven S, Prlic A (2012) Circular permutation in proteins. PLoS Comput Biol 8(3):e1002445
110. Miyawaki A et al (1999) Dynamic and quantitative Ca2+ measurements using improved
cameleons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(5):2135–2140
111. Tian L, Hires SA, Looger LL (2012) Imaging neuronal activity with genetically encoded
calcium indicators. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2012(6):647–656
112. Nakai J, Ohkura M, Imoto K (2001) A high signal-to-noise Ca(2+) probe composed of a single
green fluorescent protein. Nat Biotechnol 19(2):137–141
113. Nausch LW et al (2008) Differential patterning of cGMP in vascular smooth muscle cells
revealed by single GFP-linked biosensors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(1):365–370
114. Mizuno T et al (2007) Metal-ion-dependent GFP emission in vivo by combining a circularly
permutated green fluorescent protein with an engineered metal-ion-binding coiled-coil. J Am
Chem Soc 129(37):11378–11383
115. Mao T et al (2008) Characterization and subcellular targeting of GCaMP-type geneticallyencoded calcium indicators. PLoS One 3(3):e1796
116. Suzuki J, Kanemaru K, Iino M (2016) Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for
organellar calcium imaging. Biophys J 111(6):1119–1131
117. Baird GS, Zacharias DA, Tsien RY (1999) Circular permutation and receptor insertion within
green fluorescent proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(20):11241–11246
118. Nagai T et al (2001) Circularly permuted green fluorescent proteins engineered to sense Ca2+.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(6):3197–3202
119. Ohkura M et al (2005) Genetically encoded bright Ca2+ probe applicable for dynamic Ca2+
imaging of dendritic spines. Anal Chem 77(18):5861–5869
120. Kawai Y, Sato M, Umezawa Y (2004) Single color fluorescent indicators of protein phosphorylation for multicolor imaging of intracellular signal flow dynamics. Anal Chem 76
(20):6144–6149
121. Gautam SG et al (2009) Exploration of fluorescent protein voltage probes based on circularly
permuted fluorescent proteins. Front Neuroeng 2:14
122. Knopfel T et al (2003) Optical recordings of membrane potential using genetically targeted
voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins. Methods 30(1):42–48
180
U. K. Sukumar et al.