3 Continuous Catalytic Processes with Supported Ionic Liquid …
65
3.6 Conclusion
The examples in this chapter have summarized the state of the art in organometallic
catalyst immobilization via thin-film technologies with SILP materials. The number
of successful applications of SILP materials is constantly increasing. However, it
should be noted that one needs to be careful when planning to apply a SILP material
for a given reaction or process. While, on the one hand, a high solubility of substrate
is desired, the high product solubility can lead to catalyst deactivation. Such accumulation must be taken into account, and pore flooding needs to be prevented upfront
by adjusting flow rates and conversions appropriately. Despite these precautions, the
surface coating of solid materials with ionic liquid thin films constitutes a versatile
and broadly applicable technology.
References
1. Cornils B, Herrmann WA, Beller M, Paciello R (eds) (2017) Applied homogeneous catalysis
with organometallic compounds: a comprehensive handbook in four volumes. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim
2. Cole-Hamilton D, Tooze R (eds) (2006) Catalyst, separation, recovery and recycling. Springer,
Dordrecht
3. Cornils B, Herrmann WA, Horváth IT, Leitner W, Mecking S, Olivier-Bourbigou H, Vogt D
(eds) (2005) Multiphase homogeneous catalysis. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
4. Riisager A, Fehrmann R, Haumann M (eds) (2014) Supported ionic liquids—fundamentals
and applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
5. Gu Y, Li G (2009) Ionic liquids-based catalysis with solids: state of the art. Adv Synth Catal
351:817
6. Van Doorslaer C, Wahlen J, Mertens P, Binnemans K, De Vos D (2010) Immobilization of
molecular catalysts in supported ionic liquid phases. Dalton Trans 39:8377
7. Selvam T, Machoke A, Schwieger W (2012) Supported ionic liquids on non-porous and porous
inorganic materials—A topical review. Appl Catal A Gen 445–446:92
8. Marinkovic JM, Riisager A, Franke R, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M (2019) Fifteen years of
supported ionic liquid phase-catalyzed hydroformylation: material and process developments.
Ind Eng Chem Res 58:2409.
9. (a) Mehnert CP, Mozeleski EJ, Cook RA (2002) Supported ionic liquid catalysis investigated
for hydrogenation reactions. Chem Commun 3010; (b) Mehnert CP, Cook RA, Dispenziere
NC, Afeworki M (2002) Supported ionic liquid catalysis – a new concept for homogeneous
hydroformylation catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 124:12932
10. (a) Riisager A, Wasserscheid P, van Hal R, Fehrmann R (2003) Continuous fixed-bed gas-phase
hydroformylation using supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh catalysts. J Catal 219:452;
(b) Riisager A, Eriksen KM, Wasserscheid P, Fehrmann R (2003) Propene and 1-octene
hydroformylation with silica-supported, ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh-phosphine catalysts in
continuous fixed-bed mode. Catal Lett 90:149
11. Riisager A, Fehrmann R, Haumann M, Gorle BSK, Wasserscheid P (2005) Stability and kinetic
studies of supported ionic liquid phase catalysts for hydroformylation of propene. Ind Eng Chem
Res 44:9853
12. (a) Young JF, Osborn JA, Jardine FA, Wilkinson G (1965) Hydride intermediates in homogeneous hydrogenation reactions of olefins and acetylenes using rhodium catalysts. Chem Commun (London) 131; (b) Evans D, Osborn JA, Wilkinson GJ (1968) Hydroformylation of alkenes
65
3.6 Conclusion
The examples in this chapter have summarized the state of the art in organometallic
catalyst immobilization via thin-film technologies with SILP materials. The number
of successful applications of SILP materials is constantly increasing. However, it
should be noted that one needs to be careful when planning to apply a SILP material
for a given reaction or process. While, on the one hand, a high solubility of substrate
is desired, the high product solubility can lead to catalyst deactivation. Such accumulation must be taken into account, and pore flooding needs to be prevented upfront
by adjusting flow rates and conversions appropriately. Despite these precautions, the
surface coating of solid materials with ionic liquid thin films constitutes a versatile
and broadly applicable technology.
References
1. Cornils B, Herrmann WA, Beller M, Paciello R (eds) (2017) Applied homogeneous catalysis
with organometallic compounds: a comprehensive handbook in four volumes. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim
2. Cole-Hamilton D, Tooze R (eds) (2006) Catalyst, separation, recovery and recycling. Springer,
Dordrecht
3. Cornils B, Herrmann WA, Horváth IT, Leitner W, Mecking S, Olivier-Bourbigou H, Vogt D
(eds) (2005) Multiphase homogeneous catalysis. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
4. Riisager A, Fehrmann R, Haumann M (eds) (2014) Supported ionic liquids—fundamentals
and applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
5. Gu Y, Li G (2009) Ionic liquids-based catalysis with solids: state of the art. Adv Synth Catal
351:817
6. Van Doorslaer C, Wahlen J, Mertens P, Binnemans K, De Vos D (2010) Immobilization of
molecular catalysts in supported ionic liquid phases. Dalton Trans 39:8377
7. Selvam T, Machoke A, Schwieger W (2012) Supported ionic liquids on non-porous and porous
inorganic materials—A topical review. Appl Catal A Gen 445–446:92
8. Marinkovic JM, Riisager A, Franke R, Wasserscheid P, Haumann M (2019) Fifteen years of
supported ionic liquid phase-catalyzed hydroformylation: material and process developments.
Ind Eng Chem Res 58:2409.
9. (a) Mehnert CP, Mozeleski EJ, Cook RA (2002) Supported ionic liquid catalysis investigated
for hydrogenation reactions. Chem Commun 3010; (b) Mehnert CP, Cook RA, Dispenziere
NC, Afeworki M (2002) Supported ionic liquid catalysis – a new concept for homogeneous
hydroformylation catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 124:12932
10. (a) Riisager A, Wasserscheid P, van Hal R, Fehrmann R (2003) Continuous fixed-bed gas-phase
hydroformylation using supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh catalysts. J Catal 219:452;
(b) Riisager A, Eriksen KM, Wasserscheid P, Fehrmann R (2003) Propene and 1-octene
hydroformylation with silica-supported, ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh-phosphine catalysts in
continuous fixed-bed mode. Catal Lett 90:149
11. Riisager A, Fehrmann R, Haumann M, Gorle BSK, Wasserscheid P (2005) Stability and kinetic
studies of supported ionic liquid phase catalysts for hydroformylation of propene. Ind Eng Chem
Res 44:9853
12. (a) Young JF, Osborn JA, Jardine FA, Wilkinson G (1965) Hydride intermediates in homogeneous hydrogenation reactions of olefins and acetylenes using rhodium catalysts. Chem Commun (London) 131; (b) Evans D, Osborn JA, Wilkinson GJ (1968) Hydroformylation of alkenes