3 Continuous Catalytic Processes with Supported Ionic Liquid …
51
CHO
CHO
O
OH
+
CO / H 2
H 2
[Rh]
hydrogenation
hydroformylation
aldol condensation
OH
Scheme 3.1 General reaction network for Rh-catalyzed propylene hydroformylation including
undesired side reactions
P
P
- O 3 S
SO 3
-
SO 3
-
SO 3
-
SO 3
-
- O 3 S
Na
+
Na
+
Na
+
N
N C 4 H 9
N
N C 4 H 9
N
N
C 4 H 9
O
O
P
P
O
O
O
O
t Bu
t Bu
OMe
OMe
O
PPh 2
PPh 2
SO 3 Na
NaO 3 S
tBu
tBu
OMe
OMe
O
O
P
P
O
O
O
O
Ph
Ph
Ph
Ph
Ph
Ph
Ph
Ph
tri(m-sulfonyl)triphenyl phosphine
trisodium salt tppts
tri(m-sulfonyl)triphenyl phosphine
tri-1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium salt tpptim
4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene
"sulfoxantphos" sxp
6,6'-[(3,3'-Di-tert-butyl-5,5'-dimethoxy1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(dibenzo[d,f]
[1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin) "biphephos" bpp
2,2'-diyl)bis(oxy))bis(4,4,5,5-tetraphenyl1,3,2-dioxaphospholane) "benzopinacol" bzp
P
SO 3
-
tri(m-sulfonyl)triphenyl phosphine monosodium
1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium salt tppmim
N
N
C 3 H 7
Fig. 3.2 Selected ligands applied in SILP hydroformylation studies. Reprinted with permission [8]