286
Subject Index
Commercialized Ionic Liquid Applications,
23, 261, 265
Commercial production, 8, 191, 198, 204,
207
Common statements about ionic liquids, 272
Composites, 9, 38, 72, 75, 211, 212, 214–
224, 227, 228, 246–250, 269, 270
Continuous chitin dissolution, 77
Continuous processes, 76, 175
Corrosion, 41, 99, 113–116, 118, 261, 268,
273, 275
Cotton, 211–219, 223, 234, 235, 237, 238,
246–248, 270
Countercurrent Chromatography (CCC),
167–170, 172, 173, 177, 179, 182–
185
D
DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e. V., 16, 17, 21
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES), 7, 18
Delignification, 97, 101–103, 106
Denim, 212, 217, 218, 270
Development history, 35
Dicationic ionic liquids, 134
Dioxins, 150
Direct solvents, 228
Dyeing, 212, 217, 218
E
Economy of scale, 71, 79, 80, 116, 206, 274
Electrolyte, 191, 223, 268, 271
Emerging technologies, 262, 265
Energy storage, 19, 211, 222, 223, 277
Environmental advantages, 104
Environmental impact, 44, 46, 70, 81, 104,
117, 193, 207, 266, 278
Essential oils, 131, 146–148, 156, 168
E-textile, 222, 223
Ethylammonium nitrate, 4, 5, 132, 199
Extraction, 19, 69, 75, 78, 80, 88, 89, 95,
97, 105–107, 113, 142, 168, 173, 175,
198, 202, 203, 206, 244, 270, 278
F
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), 138, 139,
142, 156
Fatty acids, 131, 139–145
Feed flexibility, 40
Fiber welding, 9, 211, 221, 224, 270
Food analysis, 140, 144, 146–148, 155
Fractionation, 8, 87, 94, 96–98, 103, 110,
111, 117, 140, 152, 270
Fragrances, 131, 146, 147, 181
Furniture, 217
Future of ionic liquids, 7, 9, 262, 272, 275,
279
G
Gartner® hype cycle, 262
Gas Chromatography (GC), 8, 132, 134–
136, 138, 140–142, 145–147, 149–
156, 182
Gasoline specifications, 34
Gas-phase reactions, 49, 52, 62
Gas solubility, 10
GC × GC, 145, 146, 152, 153
GC stationary phases, 8, 131, 132, 135, 136,
138, 140–142, 147, 149, 151, 152,
156
Global chitin market, 73
Green solvents, 6, 16, 21, 172, 193, 206, 277
H
Henry’s Law constant, 10
Heterocycles, 150, 194–196, 199–201, 205
High Molecular Weight (HMW), 75, 244
High-Performance Countercurrent Chromatography (HPCCC), 168, 170–172
High-Performance Liquid–Liquid Chromatography (HPLLC), 170–172
History of ionic liquids, 6
Homogeneous catalysts, 22, 49, 52
Hydrochlorination, 50, 64
Hydroformylation, 23, 49–57, 62, 269
Hydrogenation, 49, 50, 57–60, 266
Hydrogen fuels, 11
I
IL-Prep instrument, 174, 176, 181
IL-Technology, 228, 230, 241, 243, 244,
246, 249, 251, 252
ILThermo database, 12, 15
Imidazolium cation, 6, 23, 101
Implemented ionic liquid applications, 266,
268, 279
Indigo, 211, 212, 217–219
Intermediate, 18, 21, 145, 195, 198–200,
202, 271, 274
Ionic compressor, 9–11, 268
Subject Index
Commercialized Ionic Liquid Applications,
23, 261, 265
Commercial production, 8, 191, 198, 204,
207
Common statements about ionic liquids, 272
Composites, 9, 38, 72, 75, 211, 212, 214–
224, 227, 228, 246–250, 269, 270
Continuous chitin dissolution, 77
Continuous processes, 76, 175
Corrosion, 41, 99, 113–116, 118, 261, 268,
273, 275
Cotton, 211–219, 223, 234, 235, 237, 238,
246–248, 270
Countercurrent Chromatography (CCC),
167–170, 172, 173, 177, 179, 182–
185
D
DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e. V., 16, 17, 21
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES), 7, 18
Delignification, 97, 101–103, 106
Denim, 212, 217, 218, 270
Development history, 35
Dicationic ionic liquids, 134
Dioxins, 150
Direct solvents, 228
Dyeing, 212, 217, 218
E
Economy of scale, 71, 79, 80, 116, 206, 274
Electrolyte, 191, 223, 268, 271
Emerging technologies, 262, 265
Energy storage, 19, 211, 222, 223, 277
Environmental advantages, 104
Environmental impact, 44, 46, 70, 81, 104,
117, 193, 207, 266, 278
Essential oils, 131, 146–148, 156, 168
E-textile, 222, 223
Ethylammonium nitrate, 4, 5, 132, 199
Extraction, 19, 69, 75, 78, 80, 88, 89, 95,
97, 105–107, 113, 142, 168, 173, 175,
198, 202, 203, 206, 244, 270, 278
F
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), 138, 139,
142, 156
Fatty acids, 131, 139–145
Feed flexibility, 40
Fiber welding, 9, 211, 221, 224, 270
Food analysis, 140, 144, 146–148, 155
Fractionation, 8, 87, 94, 96–98, 103, 110,
111, 117, 140, 152, 270
Fragrances, 131, 146, 147, 181
Furniture, 217
Future of ionic liquids, 7, 9, 262, 272, 275,
279
G
Gartner® hype cycle, 262
Gas Chromatography (GC), 8, 132, 134–
136, 138, 140–142, 145–147, 149–
156, 182
Gasoline specifications, 34
Gas-phase reactions, 49, 52, 62
Gas solubility, 10
GC × GC, 145, 146, 152, 153
GC stationary phases, 8, 131, 132, 135, 136,
138, 140–142, 147, 149, 151, 152,
156
Global chitin market, 73
Green solvents, 6, 16, 21, 172, 193, 206, 277
H
Henry’s Law constant, 10
Heterocycles, 150, 194–196, 199–201, 205
High Molecular Weight (HMW), 75, 244
High-Performance Countercurrent Chromatography (HPCCC), 168, 170–172
High-Performance Liquid–Liquid Chromatography (HPLLC), 170–172
History of ionic liquids, 6
Homogeneous catalysts, 22, 49, 52
Hydrochlorination, 50, 64
Hydroformylation, 23, 49–57, 62, 269
Hydrogenation, 49, 50, 57–60, 266
Hydrogen fuels, 11
I
IL-Prep instrument, 174, 176, 181
IL-Technology, 228, 230, 241, 243, 244,
246, 249, 251, 252
ILThermo database, 12, 15
Imidazolium cation, 6, 23, 101
Implemented ionic liquid applications, 266,
268, 279
Indigo, 211, 212, 217–219
Intermediate, 18, 21, 145, 195, 198–200,
202, 271, 274
Ionic compressor, 9–11, 268