Subject Index
A
Abraham parameters, 136
Acid-base reactions, 101, 198, 199
Acid strength, 93
Additive, 11, 21, 23, 74, 228, 269, 271, 274
Advanced materials, 3
Air gap spinning process, 228
Alkanes, 55, 135, 138, 142, 167, 168
Alkenes, 167, 181, 182
Alkylate gasoline, 7, 33, 34, 38–40, 43
Alkylation, 7, 34–46, 93, 195–197, 201, 266
Alkylation process chemistry, 35
Alkylation reactions, 195, 196, 206
All-cellulose composites, 246–248
Amara’s Law, 262
Amines, 22, 23, 37, 38, 74, 89, 93, 101, 104,
138, 194, 196, 205
Anion metathesis, 198
Arenes, 167
Auxiliary, 230, 240, 266
B
Bench-scale to large-scale, 108
Bench to pilot scale prototype, 77, 79
Biodegradable, 9, 19, 71, 72, 78, 149, 172,
193, 212, 214–216, 244, 246
Biodiesel, 142, 143, 146
Bioethanol, 88, 95, 109, 112
Biomass, 8, 70, 71, 74–77, 79–81, 87–
92, 94–103, 105–111, 114, 116–118,
142, 269, 270, 276–278
Biomass deconstruction, 8, 99
Bio-oils, 167
Biopolymers, 69–75, 88, 94, 212, 214, 216,
220, 227, 245, 270
Biorefinery, 70, 71, 87, 88, 91, 270
Biphasic acid scavenging, 21, 22
Biphasic mixtures, 167
C
Capillary GC columns, 140
Carbonate Based Ionic Liquid Synthesis
(CBILS®), 20, 271, 274
Carbon Fibers, 9, 242, 249, 250, 252
Carbonylation, 62, 63
Catalysis, 19, 22, 35, 38, 50, 55, 58, 62, 90,
91, 199
Catalyst, 7, 8, 23, 34, 35, 37–46, 49, 52–65,
90, 92, 197, 220–222, 251, 266, 269
Catalyst activity, 42, 52
Catalyst immobilization, 65
Catalyst regeneration, 37, 44, 221
Cellulose, 8, 9, 71, 72, 77, 88, 90–92, 94, 95,
97, 98, 103, 105–109, 112, 113, 118,
213–215, 227–241, 243–252, 270,
271
Cellulosic blend fibers, 251
Cellulosic fibers, 9, 214, 227, 228, 230, 240,
241, 243, 247, 249, 251, 252
Centrifugal Partition Chromatography
(CPC), 168, 170–173, 182, 184, 185
Chemical companies, 17–19, 21–23, 191
Chitin, 8, 69–81, 214, 227, 243–245, 270
Chitin-based materials, 73, 76, 77
Chitin extraction, 69, 76, 78–80
Chitin pulping, 74, 80
Chloroaluminate salts, 4, 6, 37–39, 199, 266
Closed-loop process, 215
Commercial applications, 7, 12, 182, 185,
211, 266, 271
Commercialization, 8, 35, 45, 69, 71, 78, 87,
89, 206, 265, 272, 279
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
M. B. Shiflett (ed.), Commercial Applications of Ionic Liquids, Green Chemistry
and Sustainable Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35245-5
285
A
Abraham parameters, 136
Acid-base reactions, 101, 198, 199
Acid strength, 93
Additive, 11, 21, 23, 74, 228, 269, 271, 274
Advanced materials, 3
Air gap spinning process, 228
Alkanes, 55, 135, 138, 142, 167, 168
Alkenes, 167, 181, 182
Alkylate gasoline, 7, 33, 34, 38–40, 43
Alkylation, 7, 34–46, 93, 195–197, 201, 266
Alkylation process chemistry, 35
Alkylation reactions, 195, 196, 206
All-cellulose composites, 246–248
Amara’s Law, 262
Amines, 22, 23, 37, 38, 74, 89, 93, 101, 104,
138, 194, 196, 205
Anion metathesis, 198
Arenes, 167
Auxiliary, 230, 240, 266
B
Bench-scale to large-scale, 108
Bench to pilot scale prototype, 77, 79
Biodegradable, 9, 19, 71, 72, 78, 149, 172,
193, 212, 214–216, 244, 246
Biodiesel, 142, 143, 146
Bioethanol, 88, 95, 109, 112
Biomass, 8, 70, 71, 74–77, 79–81, 87–
92, 94–103, 105–111, 114, 116–118,
142, 269, 270, 276–278
Biomass deconstruction, 8, 99
Bio-oils, 167
Biopolymers, 69–75, 88, 94, 212, 214, 216,
220, 227, 245, 270
Biorefinery, 70, 71, 87, 88, 91, 270
Biphasic acid scavenging, 21, 22
Biphasic mixtures, 167
C
Capillary GC columns, 140
Carbonate Based Ionic Liquid Synthesis
(CBILS®), 20, 271, 274
Carbon Fibers, 9, 242, 249, 250, 252
Carbonylation, 62, 63
Catalysis, 19, 22, 35, 38, 50, 55, 58, 62, 90,
91, 199
Catalyst, 7, 8, 23, 34, 35, 37–46, 49, 52–65,
90, 92, 197, 220–222, 251, 266, 269
Catalyst activity, 42, 52
Catalyst immobilization, 65
Catalyst regeneration, 37, 44, 221
Cellulose, 8, 9, 71, 72, 77, 88, 90–92, 94, 95,
97, 98, 103, 105–109, 112, 113, 118,
213–215, 227–241, 243–252, 270,
271
Cellulosic blend fibers, 251
Cellulosic fibers, 9, 214, 227, 228, 230, 240,
241, 243, 247, 249, 251, 252
Centrifugal Partition Chromatography
(CPC), 168, 170–173, 182, 184, 185
Chemical companies, 17–19, 21–23, 191
Chitin, 8, 69–81, 214, 227, 243–245, 270
Chitin-based materials, 73, 76, 77
Chitin extraction, 69, 76, 78–80
Chitin pulping, 74, 80
Chloroaluminate salts, 4, 6, 37–39, 199, 266
Closed-loop process, 215
Commercial applications, 7, 12, 182, 185,
211, 266, 271
Commercialization, 8, 35, 45, 69, 71, 78, 87,
89, 206, 265, 272, 279
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
M. B. Shiflett (ed.), Commercial Applications of Ionic Liquids, Green Chemistry
and Sustainable Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35245-5
285