7 Ionic Liquid–Liquid Chromatography: A Novel Separation Method
187
36. Seddon KR (1999) Proceedings of the International George Papatheodorou Symposium
(eds: Boghosian S, Dracopoulos V, Kontoyannis CG, Voyiatzis GA). Institute of Chemical
Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras, Greece, p 131
37. Patell Y, Seddon KR, Dutta L, Fleet A (2003) The dissolution of kerogen in ionic liquids. In:
Green industrial applications of ionic liquids, NATO Science Series II, vol 92 (eds: Rogers RD,
Seddon KR, Volkov S). Springer, Dordrecht, p 499
38. Müller M, Englert M, Earle MJ, Vetter W (2017) Development of solvent systems with room
temperature ionic liquids for the countercurrent chromatographic separation of very nonpolar
lipid compounds. J Chromatogr A 1488:68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.074
39. Fan C, Li N, Cao X (2015) Determination of chlorophenols in red wine using ionic liquid
countercurrent chromatography as a new pretreatment method followed by high-performance
liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 38:2109. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201500172
40. Franco P, Blanc J, Oberleitner WR, Maier NM, Lindner W, Minguillón C (2002) Enantiomer
separation by countercurrent chromatography using cinchona alkaloid derivatives as chiral
selectors. Anal Chem 74:4175. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac020209q
41. Wang S, Han C, Wang S, Bai L, Li S, Luo J, Kong L (2016) Development of a high speed countercurrent chromatography system with Cu(II)-chiral ionic liquid complexes and hydroxypropylβ-cyclodextrin as dual chiral selectors for enantioseparation of naringenin. J Chromatogr A
1471:155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.036
42. Zhu Z, Zhang W, Pranolo Y, Cheng CY (2012) Separation and recovery of copper, nickel,
cobalt and zinc in chloride solutions by synergistic solvent extraction. Hydrometallurgy 127:1.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.07.001
43. Wellens S, Goovaerts R, Möller C, Luyten J, Thijs B, Binnemans K (2013) A continuous ionic
liquid extraction process for the separation of cobalt from nickel. Green Chem 15:3160. https://
doi.org/10.1039/c3gc41519h
44. Kauffman GB, Adams ML (1989) The separation of cobalt from nickel by anion exchange
chromatography. J Chem Educ 66:166. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed066p166
45. a: Bhave NS, Dhudey SR, Kharat RB (1978) Separation of copper(II), nickel(II), palladium(II),
and cobalt(II) chelates with 4-S-benzyl-l-p-Cl-phenyl-5-phenyl-2,4-isodithiobiuret (BPPTB)
from their binary mixture by adsorption thin-layer chromatography. Sep Sci Technol 13:193.
http://doi.org/10.1080/01496397808057101; b: Mohammad A, Iraqi E, Sirwal YH (2003) New
TLC system for simultaneous separation of iron, cobalt, and nickel ions from acidic and
ammoniacal solutions. Sep Sci Technol 38:2255. http://doi.org/10.1081/ss-120021623
46. Khuhawar MY, Soomro AI (1993) Gas and liquid chromatographic studies of copper(II),
nickel(II), palladium(II) and oxovanadium(IV) chelates of some fluorinated ketoamine Schiff
bases. J Chromatogr A 639:371. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80279-H
47. Toyota E, Itoh K, Sekizaki H, Tanizawa K (1996) Chromatographic separation of diastereomeric
schiff base copper(II), nickel(II), and zinc(II) chelates from α-amino acid racemates. Bioorg
Chem 24:150. https://doi.org/10.1006/bioo.1996.0013
48. Mirza MA, Khuhawar MY, Arain R, Choudhary MA, Kandhro AJ, Jahangir TM (2013) Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatographic Separation/Determination of Uranium, Iron, Copper and
Nickel From Environmental Ore Samples Using Bis(salicylaldehyde)meso-stilbenediimine as
Chelating Reagent. Asian J Chem 25:3719. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13728
49. Loonker S, Sethia JK (2009) Use of newly synthesized guar based chelating ion exchange resin
in chromatographic separation of copper from nickel ions. Bulg Chem Commun 41:19
50. Vlᡠcil F, Khanh HD, (1980) Extraction-chromatographic separation of iron from cobalt, nickel,
and copper using dibenzyl sulphoxide solution as the stationary phase. Fresenius Z Anal Chem
302:36. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00469760
51. Anderson K, Rodríguez H, Seddon KR (2009) Phase behaviour of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, nonane and water. Green Chem 11:780. https://
doi.org/10.1039/b821925g
52. a: Wood PL, Hawes D, Janaway L, Sutherland IA (2003) Stationary phase retention in CCC:
modelling the J-type centrifuge as a constant pressure drop pump. J Liq Chromatogr Relat
187
36. Seddon KR (1999) Proceedings of the International George Papatheodorou Symposium
(eds: Boghosian S, Dracopoulos V, Kontoyannis CG, Voyiatzis GA). Institute of Chemical
Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, Patras, Greece, p 131
37. Patell Y, Seddon KR, Dutta L, Fleet A (2003) The dissolution of kerogen in ionic liquids. In:
Green industrial applications of ionic liquids, NATO Science Series II, vol 92 (eds: Rogers RD,
Seddon KR, Volkov S). Springer, Dordrecht, p 499
38. Müller M, Englert M, Earle MJ, Vetter W (2017) Development of solvent systems with room
temperature ionic liquids for the countercurrent chromatographic separation of very nonpolar
lipid compounds. J Chromatogr A 1488:68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.074
39. Fan C, Li N, Cao X (2015) Determination of chlorophenols in red wine using ionic liquid
countercurrent chromatography as a new pretreatment method followed by high-performance
liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 38:2109. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201500172
40. Franco P, Blanc J, Oberleitner WR, Maier NM, Lindner W, Minguillón C (2002) Enantiomer
separation by countercurrent chromatography using cinchona alkaloid derivatives as chiral
selectors. Anal Chem 74:4175. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac020209q
41. Wang S, Han C, Wang S, Bai L, Li S, Luo J, Kong L (2016) Development of a high speed countercurrent chromatography system with Cu(II)-chiral ionic liquid complexes and hydroxypropylβ-cyclodextrin as dual chiral selectors for enantioseparation of naringenin. J Chromatogr A
1471:155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.036
42. Zhu Z, Zhang W, Pranolo Y, Cheng CY (2012) Separation and recovery of copper, nickel,
cobalt and zinc in chloride solutions by synergistic solvent extraction. Hydrometallurgy 127:1.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.07.001
43. Wellens S, Goovaerts R, Möller C, Luyten J, Thijs B, Binnemans K (2013) A continuous ionic
liquid extraction process for the separation of cobalt from nickel. Green Chem 15:3160. https://
doi.org/10.1039/c3gc41519h
44. Kauffman GB, Adams ML (1989) The separation of cobalt from nickel by anion exchange
chromatography. J Chem Educ 66:166. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed066p166
45. a: Bhave NS, Dhudey SR, Kharat RB (1978) Separation of copper(II), nickel(II), palladium(II),
and cobalt(II) chelates with 4-S-benzyl-l-p-Cl-phenyl-5-phenyl-2,4-isodithiobiuret (BPPTB)
from their binary mixture by adsorption thin-layer chromatography. Sep Sci Technol 13:193.
http://doi.org/10.1080/01496397808057101; b: Mohammad A, Iraqi E, Sirwal YH (2003) New
TLC system for simultaneous separation of iron, cobalt, and nickel ions from acidic and
ammoniacal solutions. Sep Sci Technol 38:2255. http://doi.org/10.1081/ss-120021623
46. Khuhawar MY, Soomro AI (1993) Gas and liquid chromatographic studies of copper(II),
nickel(II), palladium(II) and oxovanadium(IV) chelates of some fluorinated ketoamine Schiff
bases. J Chromatogr A 639:371. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80279-H
47. Toyota E, Itoh K, Sekizaki H, Tanizawa K (1996) Chromatographic separation of diastereomeric
schiff base copper(II), nickel(II), and zinc(II) chelates from α-amino acid racemates. Bioorg
Chem 24:150. https://doi.org/10.1006/bioo.1996.0013
48. Mirza MA, Khuhawar MY, Arain R, Choudhary MA, Kandhro AJ, Jahangir TM (2013) Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatographic Separation/Determination of Uranium, Iron, Copper and
Nickel From Environmental Ore Samples Using Bis(salicylaldehyde)meso-stilbenediimine as
Chelating Reagent. Asian J Chem 25:3719. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.13728
49. Loonker S, Sethia JK (2009) Use of newly synthesized guar based chelating ion exchange resin
in chromatographic separation of copper from nickel ions. Bulg Chem Commun 41:19
50. Vlᡠcil F, Khanh HD, (1980) Extraction-chromatographic separation of iron from cobalt, nickel,
and copper using dibenzyl sulphoxide solution as the stationary phase. Fresenius Z Anal Chem
302:36. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00469760
51. Anderson K, Rodríguez H, Seddon KR (2009) Phase behaviour of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, nonane and water. Green Chem 11:780. https://
doi.org/10.1039/b821925g
52. a: Wood PL, Hawes D, Janaway L, Sutherland IA (2003) Stationary phase retention in CCC:
modelling the J-type centrifuge as a constant pressure drop pump. J Liq Chromatogr Relat