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some aspects of synthesis, thermal- and flame-retardant characteristics. Polym. Int. 49, 48–
56 (2000)
102. F.F. Stewart, M.K. Harrup, Phosphazene monomers from the regiospecific reaction of
tert-butylhydroquinone with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene: a new composite material
precursor. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 72, 1085–1090 (1999)
103. Y. Chen-Yang, J. Chuang, Y. Yang, C. Li, Y. Chiu, New UV-curable cyclotriphosphazenes
as fire-retardant coating materials for wood. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 69, 115–122 (1998)
104. I. Dez, R. De Jaeger, Organic–inorganic polymers: synthesis and characterization of
cyclophosphazene-substituted polyurethanes. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. 6, 111–121
(1996)
105. I. Dez, R.D. Jaeger, A new cyclolinear phosphazene polyurethane: synthesis from a
diisocyanate and a bis-spiro-substituted cyclotriphosphazene diol. Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon
Relat. Elem. 130, 1–14 (1997)
106. Z. Li, J. Qin, Synthesis of C 60 -containing polyphosphazenes from a new reactive
macromolecular intermediate: polyphosphazene azides. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.
Chem. 42, 194–199 (2004)
107. I. Dez, N. Henry, R. De Jaeger, New heat-resistant polyurethanes prepared from
hydroxylated cyclotriphosphazenes. Polym. Degrd. Stab. 64, 433–437 (1999)
108. Y. Chen-Yang, C. Yuan, C. Li, H. Yang, Preparation and characterization of novel flame
retardant (aliphatic phosphate) cyclotriphosphazene-containing polyurethanes. J. Appl.
Polym. Sci. 90, 1357–1364 (2003)
109. C. Yuan, S. Chen, C. Tsai, Y. Chiu, Y. Chen-Yang, Thermally stable and flame-retardant
aromatic phosphate and cyclotriphosphazene-containing polyurethanes: synthesis and
properties. Polym. Adv. Technol. 16, 393–399 (2005)
110. P. Jiang, X. Gu, S. Zhang, S. Wu, Q. Zhao, Z. Hu, Synthesis, characterization, and utilization
of a novel phosphorus/nitrogen-containing flame retardant. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54, 2974–
2982 (2015)
111. Y. Chen-Yang, H. Lee, C. Yuan, A flame‐retardant phosphate and cyclotriphosphazene‐
containing epoxy resin: synthesis and properties. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 38,
972–981 (2000)
112. R. Yang, W. Hu, L. Xu, Y. Song, J. Li, Synthesis, mechanical properties and fire behaviors
of rigid polyurethane foam with a reactive flame retardant containing phosphazene and
phosphate. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 122, 102–109 (2015)
113. H. Liu, X. Wang, D. Wu, Novel cyclotriphosphazene-based epoxy compound and its
application in halogen-free epoxy thermosetting systems: synthesis, curing behaviors, and
flame retardancy. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 103, 96–112 (2014)
114. J. Li, F. Pan, H. Xu, L. Zhang, Y. Zhong, Z. Mao, The flame-retardancy and anti-dripping
properties of novel poly(ethylene terephthalate)/cyclotriphosphazene/silicone composites.
Polym. Degrad. Stab. 110, 268–277 (2014)
115. W.K. Huang, K.J. Chen, J.T. Yeh, K.N. Chen, Curing and combustion properties of a
PU-coating system with UV-reactive phosphazene. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 85, 1980–1991
(2002)
116. F. Liu, H. Wei, X. Huang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhou, X. Tang, Preparation and properties of novel
inherent flame-retardant cyclotriphosphazene-containing epoxy resins. J. Macromol. Sci.
Part B 49, 1002–1011 (2010)
117. J. Verkade, L. Reynolds, The synthesis of a novel ester of phosphorus and of arsenic. J. Org.
Chem. 25, 663–665 (1960)
118. X. Li, Y.X. Ou, Y.H. Zhang, D.J. Lian, Synthesis and structure of a novel caged bicyclic
phosphate flame retardant. Chin. Chem. Lett. 11, 887–890 (2000)
119. Y. Ou, X. Li, Study on polypropylene flame-retarded with intumescent flame retardants
containing caged bicyclic phosphates. Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 19, 6–10 (2001)
120. R.P. Ranaweera, G. Scott, Mechanisms of antioxidant action: antioxidant behaviour of
nickel complex UV stabilisers. Eur. Polym. J. 12, 825–830 (1976)
References
43