and attractiveness to insects. New Phytol 134:631–640. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14698137.1996.tb04928.x
142. Skubatz H, Kunkel DD, Meeuse BJD (1993) Ultrastructural changes in the appendix of
the Sauromatum guttatum inflorescence during anthesis. Sex Plant Reprod 6:153–170.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00228644
143. Skubatz H, Kunkel DD (1999) Further studies of the glandular tissue of the Sauromatum
guttatum (Araceae) appendix. Am J Bot 86:841–854. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656705
144. Pridgeon AM, Stern WL (1983) Ultrastructure of osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae).
Am J Bot 70:1233–1243. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443293
145. Stern WL, Curry KJ, Pridgeon AM (1987) Osmophores of Stanhopea (Orchidaceae). Am J
Bot 74:1323. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444310
146. Melo MC, Borba EL, Paiva EAS (2010) Morphological and histological characterization of the osmophores and nectaries of four species of Acianthera
(Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Plant Syst Evol 286:141–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00606-010-0294-1
147. Kowalkowska AK, Margońska HB, Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno M, Bohdanowicz J (2012)
Studies on the ultrastructure of a three-spurred fumeauxiana form of Anacamptis pyramidalis.
Plant Syst Evol 298:1025–1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0611-y
148. García MTA, Galati BG, Hoc PS (2007) Ultrastructure of the corona of scented and scentless
flowers of Passiflora spp. (Passifloraceae). Flora 202:302–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
flora.2006.08.003
149. Buchanan BB, Gruissem W, Jones RL (2015) Biochemistry and molecular biology of plants.
Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester
150. Marinho CR, Martucci MEP, Gobbo-Neto L, Teixeira SP (2018) Chemical composition and
secretion biology of the floral bouquet in legume trees (Fabaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 187:5–25.
https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy002
151. Stpiczyńska M (2001) Osmophores of the fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea L.
(Orchidaceae). Acta Soc Bot Pol 70:91–96. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2001.012
152. Dobson HEM (2006) Relationship between floral fragrance composition and type of
pollinator. In: Dudareva N, Pichersky E (eds) Biology of floral scent. CRC Press Taylor &
Francis Group, New York
153. Proctor M, Yeo P, Lack A (1996) The natural history of pollination. Timber Press, Oregon
154. Raguso RA, Pichersky E (1995) Floral volatiles from Clarkia breweri and C. concinna
(Onagraceae): recent evolution of floral scent and moth pollination. Plant Syst Evol
194:55–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00983216
155. Pellmyr O (1986) Three pollination morphs in Cimicifuga simplex: incipient speciation due to
inferiority in competition. Oecologia 78:304–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384804
156. Groth I, Bergstrom G, Pellmyr O (1987) Floral fragrances in Cimicifuga: chemical
polymorphism and incipient speciation in Cimicifuga simplex. Biochem Syst Ecol
15:441–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(87)90058-5
157. Dudareva N, Piechulla B, Pichersky E (2000) Biogenesis of floral scents. Hortic Rev
24:31–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470650776.ch2
158. Matile P, Altenburger R (1988) Rhythms of fragrance emission in flowers. Planta
174:242–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394777
159. Pott MB, Pichersky E, Piechulla B (2002) Evening specific oscillations of scent emission,
SAMT enzyme activity, and SAMT mRNA in flowers of Stephanotis floribunda. J Plant
Physiol 159:925–934. https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00699
160. Loughrin JH, Hamilton-Kemp R, Anderson RA, Hildebrand DF (1990) Volatiles from flowers
of Nicotiana sylvestris, N. otophora and Malus domestica: headspace components and day/
night changes in their relative concentrations. Phytochemistry 29:2473–2477. https://doi.org/
10.1016/0031-9422(90)85169-G
161. Piechulla B, Pott MB (2003) Plant scents – mediators of inter- and intraorganismic
communication. Planta 217:687–689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1047-y
28 Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction
747
142. Skubatz H, Kunkel DD, Meeuse BJD (1993) Ultrastructural changes in the appendix of
the Sauromatum guttatum inflorescence during anthesis. Sex Plant Reprod 6:153–170.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00228644
143. Skubatz H, Kunkel DD (1999) Further studies of the glandular tissue of the Sauromatum
guttatum (Araceae) appendix. Am J Bot 86:841–854. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656705
144. Pridgeon AM, Stern WL (1983) Ultrastructure of osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae).
Am J Bot 70:1233–1243. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443293
145. Stern WL, Curry KJ, Pridgeon AM (1987) Osmophores of Stanhopea (Orchidaceae). Am J
Bot 74:1323. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444310
146. Melo MC, Borba EL, Paiva EAS (2010) Morphological and histological characterization of the osmophores and nectaries of four species of Acianthera
(Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Plant Syst Evol 286:141–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00606-010-0294-1
147. Kowalkowska AK, Margońska HB, Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno M, Bohdanowicz J (2012)
Studies on the ultrastructure of a three-spurred fumeauxiana form of Anacamptis pyramidalis.
Plant Syst Evol 298:1025–1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0611-y
148. García MTA, Galati BG, Hoc PS (2007) Ultrastructure of the corona of scented and scentless
flowers of Passiflora spp. (Passifloraceae). Flora 202:302–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
flora.2006.08.003
149. Buchanan BB, Gruissem W, Jones RL (2015) Biochemistry and molecular biology of plants.
Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester
150. Marinho CR, Martucci MEP, Gobbo-Neto L, Teixeira SP (2018) Chemical composition and
secretion biology of the floral bouquet in legume trees (Fabaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 187:5–25.
https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy002
151. Stpiczyńska M (2001) Osmophores of the fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea L.
(Orchidaceae). Acta Soc Bot Pol 70:91–96. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2001.012
152. Dobson HEM (2006) Relationship between floral fragrance composition and type of
pollinator. In: Dudareva N, Pichersky E (eds) Biology of floral scent. CRC Press Taylor &
Francis Group, New York
153. Proctor M, Yeo P, Lack A (1996) The natural history of pollination. Timber Press, Oregon
154. Raguso RA, Pichersky E (1995) Floral volatiles from Clarkia breweri and C. concinna
(Onagraceae): recent evolution of floral scent and moth pollination. Plant Syst Evol
194:55–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00983216
155. Pellmyr O (1986) Three pollination morphs in Cimicifuga simplex: incipient speciation due to
inferiority in competition. Oecologia 78:304–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384804
156. Groth I, Bergstrom G, Pellmyr O (1987) Floral fragrances in Cimicifuga: chemical
polymorphism and incipient speciation in Cimicifuga simplex. Biochem Syst Ecol
15:441–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(87)90058-5
157. Dudareva N, Piechulla B, Pichersky E (2000) Biogenesis of floral scents. Hortic Rev
24:31–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470650776.ch2
158. Matile P, Altenburger R (1988) Rhythms of fragrance emission in flowers. Planta
174:242–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394777
159. Pott MB, Pichersky E, Piechulla B (2002) Evening specific oscillations of scent emission,
SAMT enzyme activity, and SAMT mRNA in flowers of Stephanotis floribunda. J Plant
Physiol 159:925–934. https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00699
160. Loughrin JH, Hamilton-Kemp R, Anderson RA, Hildebrand DF (1990) Volatiles from flowers
of Nicotiana sylvestris, N. otophora and Malus domestica: headspace components and day/
night changes in their relative concentrations. Phytochemistry 29:2473–2477. https://doi.org/
10.1016/0031-9422(90)85169-G
161. Piechulla B, Pott MB (2003) Plant scents – mediators of inter- and intraorganismic
communication. Planta 217:687–689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1047-y
28 Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction
747