202. Kumar KP, Javvaji K, Poornachandra Y et al (2017) Antimicrobial, anti-plasmodial and
cytotoxicity properties of bioactive compounds from Fusarium sp. USNPF102. J Microbiol
Res 7:23–30
203. Lysøe E, Harris LJ, Walkowiak S et al (2014) The genome of the generalist plant pathogen
Fusarium avenaceum is enriched with genes involved in redox, signaling and secondary
metabolism. PLoS One 9:e112703
204. Goliński P, Wnuk S, Chełkowski J et al (1986) Antibiotic Y: biosynthesis by Fusarium
avenaceum (Corda ex Fries) Sacc., isolation, and some physicochemical and biological
properties. Appl Environ Microbiol 51:743–745
205. Goliński P, Wnuk S, Chełkowski J, Schollenberger M (1987) Formation of avenacein Y by
Fusarium avenaceum Fries Sacc. isolates from Poland and biological properties of the
compound. Mycotox Res 3(S1):49–52
206. Ratnaweera PB, de Silva ED, Williams DE, Andersen RJ (2015) Antimicrobial activities of
endophytic fungi obtained from the arid zone invasive plant Opuntia dillenii and the isolation
of equisetin, from endophytic Fusarium sp. BMC Complement Altern Med 15:220
207. Wheeler MH, Stipanovic RD, Puckhaber LS (1999) Phytotoxicity of equisetin and epiequisetin isolated from Fusarium equiseti and F. pallidoroseum. Mycol Res 103:967–973
208. Singh SB, Zink DL, Goetz MA et al (1998) Equisetin and a novel opposite stereochemical
homolog phomasetin, two fungal metabolites as inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase. Tetrahedron
Lett 39:2243–2246
209. Hazuda D, Blau CU, Felock P et al (1999) Isolation and characterization of novel human
immunodeficiency virus integrase inhibitors from fungal metabolites. Antivir Chem
Chemother 10:63–70
210. Sims JW, Fillmore JP, Warner DD, Schmidt EW (2005) Equisetin biosynthesis in Fusarium
heterosporum. Chem Comm 2:186
211. Fisch KM (2013) Biosynthesis of natural products by microbial iterative hybrid PKS–NRPS.
RSC Adv 3:18228–18247
212. Kakule TB, Sardar D, Lin Z, Schmidt EW (2013) Two related pyrrolidinedione synthetase loci
in Fusarium heterosporum ATCC 74349 produce divergent metabolites. ACS Chem Biol
8:1549–1557
213. Kato N, Nogawa T, Hirota H et al (2015) A new enzyme involved in the control of the
stereochemistry in the decalin formation during equisetin biosynthesis. Biochem Biophys Res
Comm 460:210–215
214. Salazar-Cerezo S, Martínez-Montiel N, García-Sánchez J et al (2018) Gibberellin biosynthesis
and metabolism: a convergent route for plants, fungi and bacteria. Microbiol Res 208:85–98
215. Tudzynski B, Holter K (1998) Gibberellin biosynthetic pathway in Gibberella fujikuroi:
evidence for a gene cluster. Fungal Genet Biol 25:157–170
216. Tudzynski B, Mihlan M, Rojas MC et al (2003) Characterization of the final two genes of the
gibberellin biosynthesis gene cluster of Gibberella fujikuroi: des and P450-3 encode GA4
desaturase and the 13-hydroxylase, respectively. J Biol Chem 278:28635–28643
217. Gale LR, Ward TJ, Balmas V, Kistler HC (2007) Population subdivision of Fusarium
graminearum sensu stricto in the upper Midwestern United States. Phytopathology
97:1434–1439
218. Ward TJ, Clear RM, Rooney AP et al (2008) An adaptive evolutionary shift in Fusarium head
blight pathogen populations is driving the rapid spread of more toxigenic Fusarium
graminearum in North America. Fungal Genet Biol 45:473–484
219. Gale LR, Harrison SA, Ward TJ et al (2011) Nivalenol-type populations of Fusarium
graminearum and F. asiaticum are prevalent on wheat in southern Louisiana. Phytopathology
101:124–134
220. Bec S, Ward TJ, Farman M et al (2014) Characterization of Fusarium strains recovered from
wheat with symptoms of head blight in Kentucky. Plant Dis 99:1622–1632
221. Liang JM, Xayamongkhon H, Broz K et al (2014) Temporal dynamics and population genetic
structure of Fusarium graminearum in the upper Midwestern United States. Fungal Genet Biol
73:83–92
246
Ł. Stępień et al.
cytotoxicity properties of bioactive compounds from Fusarium sp. USNPF102. J Microbiol
Res 7:23–30
203. Lysøe E, Harris LJ, Walkowiak S et al (2014) The genome of the generalist plant pathogen
Fusarium avenaceum is enriched with genes involved in redox, signaling and secondary
metabolism. PLoS One 9:e112703
204. Goliński P, Wnuk S, Chełkowski J et al (1986) Antibiotic Y: biosynthesis by Fusarium
avenaceum (Corda ex Fries) Sacc., isolation, and some physicochemical and biological
properties. Appl Environ Microbiol 51:743–745
205. Goliński P, Wnuk S, Chełkowski J, Schollenberger M (1987) Formation of avenacein Y by
Fusarium avenaceum Fries Sacc. isolates from Poland and biological properties of the
compound. Mycotox Res 3(S1):49–52
206. Ratnaweera PB, de Silva ED, Williams DE, Andersen RJ (2015) Antimicrobial activities of
endophytic fungi obtained from the arid zone invasive plant Opuntia dillenii and the isolation
of equisetin, from endophytic Fusarium sp. BMC Complement Altern Med 15:220
207. Wheeler MH, Stipanovic RD, Puckhaber LS (1999) Phytotoxicity of equisetin and epiequisetin isolated from Fusarium equiseti and F. pallidoroseum. Mycol Res 103:967–973
208. Singh SB, Zink DL, Goetz MA et al (1998) Equisetin and a novel opposite stereochemical
homolog phomasetin, two fungal metabolites as inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase. Tetrahedron
Lett 39:2243–2246
209. Hazuda D, Blau CU, Felock P et al (1999) Isolation and characterization of novel human
immunodeficiency virus integrase inhibitors from fungal metabolites. Antivir Chem
Chemother 10:63–70
210. Sims JW, Fillmore JP, Warner DD, Schmidt EW (2005) Equisetin biosynthesis in Fusarium
heterosporum. Chem Comm 2:186
211. Fisch KM (2013) Biosynthesis of natural products by microbial iterative hybrid PKS–NRPS.
RSC Adv 3:18228–18247
212. Kakule TB, Sardar D, Lin Z, Schmidt EW (2013) Two related pyrrolidinedione synthetase loci
in Fusarium heterosporum ATCC 74349 produce divergent metabolites. ACS Chem Biol
8:1549–1557
213. Kato N, Nogawa T, Hirota H et al (2015) A new enzyme involved in the control of the
stereochemistry in the decalin formation during equisetin biosynthesis. Biochem Biophys Res
Comm 460:210–215
214. Salazar-Cerezo S, Martínez-Montiel N, García-Sánchez J et al (2018) Gibberellin biosynthesis
and metabolism: a convergent route for plants, fungi and bacteria. Microbiol Res 208:85–98
215. Tudzynski B, Holter K (1998) Gibberellin biosynthetic pathway in Gibberella fujikuroi:
evidence for a gene cluster. Fungal Genet Biol 25:157–170
216. Tudzynski B, Mihlan M, Rojas MC et al (2003) Characterization of the final two genes of the
gibberellin biosynthesis gene cluster of Gibberella fujikuroi: des and P450-3 encode GA4
desaturase and the 13-hydroxylase, respectively. J Biol Chem 278:28635–28643
217. Gale LR, Ward TJ, Balmas V, Kistler HC (2007) Population subdivision of Fusarium
graminearum sensu stricto in the upper Midwestern United States. Phytopathology
97:1434–1439
218. Ward TJ, Clear RM, Rooney AP et al (2008) An adaptive evolutionary shift in Fusarium head
blight pathogen populations is driving the rapid spread of more toxigenic Fusarium
graminearum in North America. Fungal Genet Biol 45:473–484
219. Gale LR, Harrison SA, Ward TJ et al (2011) Nivalenol-type populations of Fusarium
graminearum and F. asiaticum are prevalent on wheat in southern Louisiana. Phytopathology
101:124–134
220. Bec S, Ward TJ, Farman M et al (2014) Characterization of Fusarium strains recovered from
wheat with symptoms of head blight in Kentucky. Plant Dis 99:1622–1632
221. Liang JM, Xayamongkhon H, Broz K et al (2014) Temporal dynamics and population genetic
structure of Fusarium graminearum in the upper Midwestern United States. Fungal Genet Biol
73:83–92
246
Ł. Stępień et al.