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(Parmeliaceae). Rev Bras Farm 12:74–75
47. Buçukoglu TZ, Albayrak S, Halici MG, Tay T (2012) Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
of extracts and lichen acids obtained from some Umbilicaria species from Central Anatolia,
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different human cancer cells to the lichen compounds parietin, atranorin, usnic acid and
gyrophoric acid. Toxicol In Vitro 25:37–44
50. Kosanić M, Ranković B, Stanojković T, Rančić A, Manojlović N (2014) Cladonia lichens and
their major metabolites as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
Food Sci Technol 59:518–525
51. Bačkorová M, Jendželovský R, Kello M, Bačkor M, Mikeš J, Fedoročko P (2012) Lichen
secondary metabolites are responsible for induction of apoptosis in HT-29 and A2780 human
cancer cell lines. Toxicol In Vitro 26:462–468
52. Correché ER, Enriz RD, Piovano M, Garbarino J, Gómez-Lechón MJ (2004) Cytotoxic and
apoptotic effects on hepatocytes of secondary metabolites obtained from lichens. Altern Lab
Anim 32:605–615
53. Cankılıç MY, Sarıözlü NY, Candan MC, Tay F (2017) Screening of antibacterial, antituberculosis and antifungal effects of lichen Usnea florida and its thamnolic acid constituent.
Biomed Res 28:3108–3113
54. Nishanth KS, Sreerag RS, Deepa I, Mohandas C, Nambisan B (2015) Protocetraric acid: an
excellent broad spectrum compound from the lichen Usnea albopuncta against medically
important microbes. Nat Prod Res 29:574–577
55. Honda NK, Pavan FR, Coelho RG, de Andrade Leite SR, Micheletti AC, Lopes TI, Misutsu
MY, Beatriz A, Brum RL, Leite CQ (2010) Antimycobacterial activity of lichen substances.
Phytomedicine 17:328–332
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6:157–170
37. Culberson CF, Elix JA (1989) Lichen substances. In: Dey PM, Harborne JB (eds) Methods in
plant biochemistry: plant Phenolics. Academic, London
38. Molnar K, Farkas E (2010) Current results on biological activities of lichen secondary
metabolites: a review. Z Naturforsch C 65:157–173
39. Kosanić M, Monojlović N, Janković S, Stanojković T, Ranković B (2013) Evernia prunastri
and Pseudoevernia furfuraceae lichens and their major metabolites as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Food Chem Toxicol 53:112–118
40. Kizil HE, Ağar G, Mustafa A (2014) Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of evernic acid on
HeLa cell lines: a candidate anticancer drug. J Biotechnol 185:S29
41. Endo T, Takahagi T, Kinoshida Y, Yamamoto Y, Sato F (1998) Inhibition of photosystem II on
spinach by lichen-derived depsides. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 62:2023–2027
42. Bogo D, Matos MFC, Honda NK, Pontes EC, Oguma PM, da Santos EC, de Carvalho JE,
Nomizo A (2010) In vitro antitumor activity of orsellinates. Z Naturforsch C 65:43–48
43. Thadhani VM, Choudhary MI, Ali S, Omar I, Siddique H, Karunaratne V (2011) Antioxidant
activity of some lichen metabolites. Nat Prod Res 25:1827–1837
44. Ranković B, Mišić M (2008) The antimicrobial activity of the lichen substances of the lichens
Cladonia furcata, Ochrolechia androgyna, Parmelia caperata and Parmelia conspersa.
Biotechnol Equip 22:1013–1016
45. Ranković B, Mišić M, Sukdolak S (2008) The antimicrobial activity of substances derived
from the lichens Physcia aipolia, Umbilicaria polyphylla, Parmelia caperata and Hypogymnia physodes. World J Michrobiol Biotechnol 24:1239–1242
46. Gomes AT, Honda NK, Roese FM, Muzzi RM, Marques MR (2002) Bioactive derivates
obtained from lecanoric acid, a constituent of the lichen Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale
(Parmeliaceae). Rev Bras Farm 12:74–75
47. Buçukoglu TZ, Albayrak S, Halici MG, Tay T (2012) Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
of extracts and lichen acids obtained from some Umbilicaria species from Central Anatolia,
Turkey. J Food Process Preserv 37:1103–1110
48. Candan M, Yilmaz M, Tay T, Kivanç M, Türk H (2006) Antimicrobial activity of extracts of
the lichen Xanthoparmelia pokornyi and its gyrophoric and stenosporic acid constituents. Z
Naturforsch C 61:319–323
49. Bačkorová M, Bačkor M, Mikeš J, Jendželovský R, Fedoročko P (2011) Variable responses of
different human cancer cells to the lichen compounds parietin, atranorin, usnic acid and
gyrophoric acid. Toxicol In Vitro 25:37–44
50. Kosanić M, Ranković B, Stanojković T, Rančić A, Manojlović N (2014) Cladonia lichens and
their major metabolites as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
Food Sci Technol 59:518–525
51. Bačkorová M, Jendželovský R, Kello M, Bačkor M, Mikeš J, Fedoročko P (2012) Lichen
secondary metabolites are responsible for induction of apoptosis in HT-29 and A2780 human
cancer cell lines. Toxicol In Vitro 26:462–468
52. Correché ER, Enriz RD, Piovano M, Garbarino J, Gómez-Lechón MJ (2004) Cytotoxic and
apoptotic effects on hepatocytes of secondary metabolites obtained from lichens. Altern Lab
Anim 32:605–615
53. Cankılıç MY, Sarıözlü NY, Candan MC, Tay F (2017) Screening of antibacterial, antituberculosis and antifungal effects of lichen Usnea florida and its thamnolic acid constituent.
Biomed Res 28:3108–3113
54. Nishanth KS, Sreerag RS, Deepa I, Mohandas C, Nambisan B (2015) Protocetraric acid: an
excellent broad spectrum compound from the lichen Usnea albopuncta against medically
important microbes. Nat Prod Res 29:574–577
55. Honda NK, Pavan FR, Coelho RG, de Andrade Leite SR, Micheletti AC, Lopes TI, Misutsu
MY, Beatriz A, Brum RL, Leite CQ (2010) Antimycobacterial activity of lichen substances.
Phytomedicine 17:328–332
206
M. Goga et al.