Wheat
– sulfamethoxazole,
trimethoprim, ofloxacin,
carbamazepine
1 g dry
weight
MeOH 70 mL
None (ASE
method)
None
SPE clean-up (Oasis
HLB)
LC-MS/MS
[129]
Cowpea, turnip, chard,
collards, basil, lettuce, and
cilantro
– atenolol,
ofloxacin, and diclofenac
– Cowpea, turnip: 3 g
dry
weight
– Chard,
collards:
1,5 g dry
weight
– Basil,
lettuce
cilantro:
1 g dry
weight
70–75 mL methylene chloride:MeOH
(75:25, v/v)
None (ASE
method)
None
Turnip and Chard:
SPE clean-up (Oasis
HLB 3 mL, 540 mg)
LC-MS
[128]
Lettuce, spinach, carrot
–
azithromycin,
roxithromycin,
clarithromycin,
clindamycin, methamphetamine, MDMA, pseudoephedrine, DMPEA
1 g dry
weight
MTBE:MeOH
(90:10, v/v)
5 mL
final extract
None (ASE
method)
None
TurboVap clean
with hexane
LC-MS/MS
ion trap
[130]
Phragmites australis
–
81 micropollutants
0,5 g dry
weight
25 mL MeOH:H
2 O
(25:75, v/v)
None
(microwaveassisted
extraction)
None
SPE clean-up (Oasis
HLB)
UHPLC-MS/
MS QqQ
[145]
Cereals (wheat, barley, oat,
and rice)
–
4
fluoroquinolones, 3 tetracyclines, 7 sulfonamides,
2 g wet
weight
MAE: 6 mL ACN:
MeOH:phosphoric
acid 5% (7:1:2, v/v)
USE: 7 mL ACN:
None (MAE,
USE method)
None
d-SPE clean-up
(250 mg PSA)
LC-MS/MS
QqQ
[33]
(continued)
Development of Methods for the Determination of PhACs in Soil/Earthworm/Crop. . .
461