56. Lavelle P, Barois I, Blanchart E, Brown G, Brussaard L, Decaëns T, Fragoso C, Jimenez JJ,
Kajondo K, Martínez MA, Moreno A, Pashanasi B, Senapati B, Villenave C (1998) Earthworms as a resource in tropical agroecosystems. Nat Res 34:26–41
57. Römbke J, Jänsch S, Didden W (2005) The use of earthworms in ecological soil classification
and assessment concepts. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 62:249–265
58. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Burkhardt MR, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Bossio JP,
Benotti MJ (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environ
Sci Technol 42:1863–1870
59. Sigua GC, Isensee AR, Sadeghi AM, Im GJ (1995) Distribution and transport of atrazine as
influenced by surface cultivation, earthworm population and rainfall pattern. Chemosphere
31:4237–4242
60. Covey AK, Furbish DJ, Savage KS (2010) Earthworms as agents for arsenic transport and
transformation in roxarsone-impacted soil mesocosms: a μXANES and modelling study.
Geoderma 156:99–111
61. Baccaro M, Harrison S, van den Berg H, Sloot L, Hermans D, Cornelis G, van Gestel CAM,
van den Brink NW (2019) Bioturbation of Ag 2 S-NPs in soil columns by earthworms. Environ
Pollut 252:155–162
62. Rillig MC, Ziersch L, Hempel S (2017) Microplastic transport in soil by earthworms. Sci Rep
7:1362
63. Zhang L, Sintim HY, Bary AI, Hayes DG, Wadsworth LC, Anunciado MB, Flury M (2018)
Interaction of Lumbricus terrestris with macroscopic polyethylene and biodegradable plastic
mulch. Sci Total Environ 635:1600–1608
64. Zorn MI, Van Gestel CAM, Eijsackers H (2005) The effect of Lumbricus rubellus and
Lumbricus terrestris on zinc distribution and availability in artificial soil columns. Biol Fertil
Soils 41:212–215
65. Yu M, van der Ploeg M, Lwanga EH, Yang X, Zhang S, Ma X, Ritsema CJ, Geissen V (2019)
Leaching of microplastics by preferential flow in earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) burrows.
Environ Chem 16:31
66. Andriuzzi WS, Ngo P-T, Geisen S, Keith AM, Dumack K, Bolger T, Bonkowski M,
Brussaard L, Faber JH, Chabbi A (2016) Organic matter composition and the protist and
nematode communities around anecic earthworm burrows. Biol Fertil Soils 52:91–100
67. Hoang DTT, Pausch J, Razavi BS, Kuzyakova I, Banfield CC, Kuzyakov Y (2016) Hotspots
of microbial activity induced by earthworm burrows, old root channels, and their combination
in subsoil. Biol Fertil Soils 52:1105–1119
68. Aira M, McNamara NP, Piearce TG, Domínguez J (2009) Microbial communities of
Lumbricus terrestris L. middens: structure, activity, and changes through time in relation to
earthworm presence. J Soil Sediment 9:54–61
69. Tiunov AV, Bonkowski M, Tiunov JA, Scheu S (2001) Microflora, Protozoa and Nematoda in
Lumbricus terrestris burrow walls: a laboratory experiment. Pedobiologia 45:46–60
70. Stromberger ME, Keith AM, Schmidt O (2012) Distinct microbial and faunal communities
and translocated carbon in Lumbricus terrestris drilospheres. Soil Biol Biochem 46:155–162
71. Hoang DTT, Razavi BS, Kuzyakov Y, Blagodatskaya E (2016) Earthworm burrows: kinetics
and spatial distribution of enzymes of C-, N- and P-cycles. Soil Biol Biochem 99:94–103
72. Athmann M, Kautz T, Banfield C, Bauke S, Hoang DTT, Lüsebrink M, Pausch J, Amelung W,
Kuzyakov Y, Köpke U (2017) Six months of L. terrestris L. activity in root-formed biopores
increases nutrient availability, microbial biomass and enzyme activity. Appl Soil Ecol
120:135–142
73. Sanchez-Hernandez JC, Cares XA, Pérez MA, del Pino JN (2019) Biochar increases pesticidedetoxifying carboxylesterases along earthworm burrows. Sci Total Environ 667:761–768
74. Briones MJI, Álvarez-Otero R (2018) Body wall thickness as a potential functional trait for
assigning earthworm species to ecological categories. Pedobiologia 67:26–34
368
J. C. Sanchez-Hernandez
Kajondo K, Martínez MA, Moreno A, Pashanasi B, Senapati B, Villenave C (1998) Earthworms as a resource in tropical agroecosystems. Nat Res 34:26–41
57. Römbke J, Jänsch S, Didden W (2005) The use of earthworms in ecological soil classification
and assessment concepts. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 62:249–265
58. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Burkhardt MR, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Bossio JP,
Benotti MJ (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environ
Sci Technol 42:1863–1870
59. Sigua GC, Isensee AR, Sadeghi AM, Im GJ (1995) Distribution and transport of atrazine as
influenced by surface cultivation, earthworm population and rainfall pattern. Chemosphere
31:4237–4242
60. Covey AK, Furbish DJ, Savage KS (2010) Earthworms as agents for arsenic transport and
transformation in roxarsone-impacted soil mesocosms: a μXANES and modelling study.
Geoderma 156:99–111
61. Baccaro M, Harrison S, van den Berg H, Sloot L, Hermans D, Cornelis G, van Gestel CAM,
van den Brink NW (2019) Bioturbation of Ag 2 S-NPs in soil columns by earthworms. Environ
Pollut 252:155–162
62. Rillig MC, Ziersch L, Hempel S (2017) Microplastic transport in soil by earthworms. Sci Rep
7:1362
63. Zhang L, Sintim HY, Bary AI, Hayes DG, Wadsworth LC, Anunciado MB, Flury M (2018)
Interaction of Lumbricus terrestris with macroscopic polyethylene and biodegradable plastic
mulch. Sci Total Environ 635:1600–1608
64. Zorn MI, Van Gestel CAM, Eijsackers H (2005) The effect of Lumbricus rubellus and
Lumbricus terrestris on zinc distribution and availability in artificial soil columns. Biol Fertil
Soils 41:212–215
65. Yu M, van der Ploeg M, Lwanga EH, Yang X, Zhang S, Ma X, Ritsema CJ, Geissen V (2019)
Leaching of microplastics by preferential flow in earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) burrows.
Environ Chem 16:31
66. Andriuzzi WS, Ngo P-T, Geisen S, Keith AM, Dumack K, Bolger T, Bonkowski M,
Brussaard L, Faber JH, Chabbi A (2016) Organic matter composition and the protist and
nematode communities around anecic earthworm burrows. Biol Fertil Soils 52:91–100
67. Hoang DTT, Pausch J, Razavi BS, Kuzyakova I, Banfield CC, Kuzyakov Y (2016) Hotspots
of microbial activity induced by earthworm burrows, old root channels, and their combination
in subsoil. Biol Fertil Soils 52:1105–1119
68. Aira M, McNamara NP, Piearce TG, Domínguez J (2009) Microbial communities of
Lumbricus terrestris L. middens: structure, activity, and changes through time in relation to
earthworm presence. J Soil Sediment 9:54–61
69. Tiunov AV, Bonkowski M, Tiunov JA, Scheu S (2001) Microflora, Protozoa and Nematoda in
Lumbricus terrestris burrow walls: a laboratory experiment. Pedobiologia 45:46–60
70. Stromberger ME, Keith AM, Schmidt O (2012) Distinct microbial and faunal communities
and translocated carbon in Lumbricus terrestris drilospheres. Soil Biol Biochem 46:155–162
71. Hoang DTT, Razavi BS, Kuzyakov Y, Blagodatskaya E (2016) Earthworm burrows: kinetics
and spatial distribution of enzymes of C-, N- and P-cycles. Soil Biol Biochem 99:94–103
72. Athmann M, Kautz T, Banfield C, Bauke S, Hoang DTT, Lüsebrink M, Pausch J, Amelung W,
Kuzyakov Y, Köpke U (2017) Six months of L. terrestris L. activity in root-formed biopores
increases nutrient availability, microbial biomass and enzyme activity. Appl Soil Ecol
120:135–142
73. Sanchez-Hernandez JC, Cares XA, Pérez MA, del Pino JN (2019) Biochar increases pesticidedetoxifying carboxylesterases along earthworm burrows. Sci Total Environ 667:761–768
74. Briones MJI, Álvarez-Otero R (2018) Body wall thickness as a potential functional trait for
assigning earthworm species to ecological categories. Pedobiologia 67:26–34
368
J. C. Sanchez-Hernandez