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314. Olonitola OS, Fahrenfeld N, Pruden A (2015) Antibiotic resistance profiles among mesophilic
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315. Pan X, Qiang Z, Ben W, Chen M (2011) Residual veterinary antibiotics in swine manure from
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316. Quaik S, Embrandiri A, Ravindran B, Hossain K, Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Ignacimuthu S,
Ismail N (2020) Veterinary antibiotics in animal manure and manure laden soil: scenario and
challenges in Asian countries. J King Saud Univ – Sci 32:1300–1305. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.jksus.2019.11.015
317. Ray P, Chen C, Knowlton KF, Pruden A, Xia K (2017) Fate and effect of antibiotics in beef
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org/10.2134/jeq2016.07.0269
318. Van Epps A, Blaney L (2016) Antibiotic residues in animal waste: occurrence and degradation
in conventional agricultural waste management practices. Curr Pollut Reports 2:135–155.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-016-0037-1
319. Xie W-Y, Shen Q, Zhao FJ (2018) Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance from animal manures
to soil: a review. Eur J Soil Sci 69:181–195. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12494
320. Zhao L, Dong YH, Wang H (2010) Residues of veterinary antibiotics in manures from feedlot
livestock in eight provinces of China. Sci Total Environ 408:1069–1075. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.014
321. Kovalakova P, Cizmas L, McDonald TJ, Marsalek B, Feng M, Sharma VK (2020) Occurrence
and toxicity of antibiotics in the aquatic environment: a review. Chemosphere 251:126351.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126351
322. Kraemer SA, Ramachandran A, Perron GG (2019) Antibiotic pollution in the environment:
from microbial ecology to public policy. Microorganisms 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/
microorganisms7060180
323. Dolliver H, Gupta S (2008) Antibiotic losses in leaching and surface runoff from manureamended agricultural land. J Environ Qual 37:1227–1237. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.
0392
324. Gottschall N, Topp E, Edwards M, Payne M, Kleywegt S, Russell P, Lapen DR (2013)
Hormones, sterols, and fecal indicator bacteria in groundwater, soil, and subsurface drainage
following a high single application of municipal biosolids to a field. Chemosphere
91:275–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.108
325. Fahrenfeld N, Knowlton K, Krometis LA, Hession WC, Xia K, Lipscomb E, Libuit K, Green
BL, Pruden A (2014) Effect of manure application on abundance of antibiotic resistance genes
and their attenuation rates in soil: field-scale mass balance approach. Environ Sci Technol
48:2643–2650. https://doi.org/10.1021/es404988k
326. Finley RL, Collignon P, Larsson DGJ, McEwen SA, Li X-Z, Gaze WH, Reid-Smith R,
Timinouni M, Graham DW, Topp E (2013) The scourge of antibiotic resistance: the important
role of the environment. Clin Infect Dis 57:704–710. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit355
327. Gullberg E, Cao S, Berg OG, Ilbäck C, Sandegren L, Hughes D, Andersson DI (2011)
Selection of resistant bacteria at very low antibiotic concentrations. PLoS Pathog 7:
e1002158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002158
328. Singer AC, Shaw H, Rhodes V, Hart A (2016) Review of antimicrobial resistance in the
environment and its relevance to environmental regulators. Front Microbiol 7:1728. https://
doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01728
Impact of PhACs on Soil Microorganisms
301
Pollut 148:570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.11.035
313. Massé DI, Saady NMC, Gilbert Y (2014) Potential of biological processes to eliminate
antibiotics in livestock manure: an overview. Animals 4:146–163. https://doi.org/10.3390/
ani4020146
314. Olonitola OS, Fahrenfeld N, Pruden A (2015) Antibiotic resistance profiles among mesophilic
aerobic bacteria in Nigerian chicken litter and associated antibiotic resistance genes. Poult Sci
94:867–874. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev069
315. Pan X, Qiang Z, Ben W, Chen M (2011) Residual veterinary antibiotics in swine manure from
concentrated animal feeding operations in Shandong Province, China. Chemosphere
84:695–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.022
316. Quaik S, Embrandiri A, Ravindran B, Hossain K, Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Ignacimuthu S,
Ismail N (2020) Veterinary antibiotics in animal manure and manure laden soil: scenario and
challenges in Asian countries. J King Saud Univ – Sci 32:1300–1305. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.jksus.2019.11.015
317. Ray P, Chen C, Knowlton KF, Pruden A, Xia K (2017) Fate and effect of antibiotics in beef
and dairy manure during static and turned composting. J Environ Qual 46:45–54. https://doi.
org/10.2134/jeq2016.07.0269
318. Van Epps A, Blaney L (2016) Antibiotic residues in animal waste: occurrence and degradation
in conventional agricultural waste management practices. Curr Pollut Reports 2:135–155.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-016-0037-1
319. Xie W-Y, Shen Q, Zhao FJ (2018) Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance from animal manures
to soil: a review. Eur J Soil Sci 69:181–195. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12494
320. Zhao L, Dong YH, Wang H (2010) Residues of veterinary antibiotics in manures from feedlot
livestock in eight provinces of China. Sci Total Environ 408:1069–1075. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.014
321. Kovalakova P, Cizmas L, McDonald TJ, Marsalek B, Feng M, Sharma VK (2020) Occurrence
and toxicity of antibiotics in the aquatic environment: a review. Chemosphere 251:126351.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126351
322. Kraemer SA, Ramachandran A, Perron GG (2019) Antibiotic pollution in the environment:
from microbial ecology to public policy. Microorganisms 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/
microorganisms7060180
323. Dolliver H, Gupta S (2008) Antibiotic losses in leaching and surface runoff from manureamended agricultural land. J Environ Qual 37:1227–1237. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.
0392
324. Gottschall N, Topp E, Edwards M, Payne M, Kleywegt S, Russell P, Lapen DR (2013)
Hormones, sterols, and fecal indicator bacteria in groundwater, soil, and subsurface drainage
following a high single application of municipal biosolids to a field. Chemosphere
91:275–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.108
325. Fahrenfeld N, Knowlton K, Krometis LA, Hession WC, Xia K, Lipscomb E, Libuit K, Green
BL, Pruden A (2014) Effect of manure application on abundance of antibiotic resistance genes
and their attenuation rates in soil: field-scale mass balance approach. Environ Sci Technol
48:2643–2650. https://doi.org/10.1021/es404988k
326. Finley RL, Collignon P, Larsson DGJ, McEwen SA, Li X-Z, Gaze WH, Reid-Smith R,
Timinouni M, Graham DW, Topp E (2013) The scourge of antibiotic resistance: the important
role of the environment. Clin Infect Dis 57:704–710. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit355
327. Gullberg E, Cao S, Berg OG, Ilbäck C, Sandegren L, Hughes D, Andersson DI (2011)
Selection of resistant bacteria at very low antibiotic concentrations. PLoS Pathog 7:
e1002158. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002158
328. Singer AC, Shaw H, Rhodes V, Hart A (2016) Review of antimicrobial resistance in the
environment and its relevance to environmental regulators. Front Microbiol 7:1728. https://
doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01728
Impact of PhACs on Soil Microorganisms
301