749
innovation, 347
O 2 addition, 345, 346
optimization, 345
oxygen, 345
recycle ratio, 346
water, 345
Product distribution, 366
Product distribution models, 494
Promoters, 220, 223
Product selectivity models, 489
Propane
ethane, 152
global propylene production, 152
polymer-grade propylene, 152
propylene consumption, 151
propylene-derived chemicals, 151
propylene supply, 152
thermodynamically stable molecule, 151
Propane ammoxidation, 179, 180
Propane dehydrogenation (PDH), 157
catofin and oleflex, 158
Catofin PDH process, 158
Catofin PDH technology, 159
CATOFIN process, 157
Catofin vs. Oleflex process, 158
coke deposition, 159
commercial process, 157
drawbacks, 158
in Oleflex process, 159
on-purpose production routes, 156
propane, 157
STAR process, 157
Propene, 363
Propylene, 397
Propylene derivatives
ACN (see Acrylonitrile (ACN))
C 3 -based chemicals, 166
PO (see Propylene oxide (PO))
polypropylene-based materials, 166
Propylene epoxide, 134
Propylene maximization, FCC catalyst
automotive fuel demand, 100
C 2 /C 3 olefins, 100
hydrocarbon feeds, 100
hydrogen transfer, 102
petrochemicals, 100
steam/naphtha cracking, 100
temperature
gasoline yield, 101
light olefin yield, 102
LPG yield, 101
propylene yield, 101, 102
ZSM-5, 103, 104
Propylene mode FCC technologies, 80
Propylene oxide (PO)
applications, 167
combined PO production, 167
commercial propylene oxidation
processes, 168
demand, 166
EBHP process, 168–170
global PO production, 167
HPPO process, 171, 172
industrial processes for production, 166
pathways for propylene oxidation, 173
PO/SM process, 168
polyurethane foams, 166
selective propylene oxidation, 172
silver-based catalyst, 172
solvents and miscellaneous
chemicals, 166
TBA, 168
TBHP process, 168–170
uses, 166
Propylene production
combined refinery processes, 153
FCC, 154, 155
FCC-based process, 156
propylene value chain, 153
steam cracking process, 153
through OCT process, 161
TSC process, 153–154
ZSM-5 loading in propylene yield, 155
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
(PEMFC), 416–418, 423, 425
Pseudotetrahedral, 686
Pt-based CO combustion promoters, 87
Pt/HBEA catalyst, 512
Pt/SAPO-11 catalyst, 511
Pyridine bis(imine) (PBI), 693
Pyrolysis, 402, 514
Pyrrolo[2,1‐a] isoquinolines, 285, 286
PΛO chelation-based system, 692
Q
Quench labeling, 701
Quench reactors, 577
R
Radical functionalization, 255
Radioactive element, 701
Rate expression, 344
Reactant/intermediate/product
species, 362
Reactants, 356
Reaction species, 359
Index
innovation, 347
O 2 addition, 345, 346
optimization, 345
oxygen, 345
recycle ratio, 346
water, 345
Product distribution, 366
Product distribution models, 494
Promoters, 220, 223
Product selectivity models, 489
Propane
ethane, 152
global propylene production, 152
polymer-grade propylene, 152
propylene consumption, 151
propylene-derived chemicals, 151
propylene supply, 152
thermodynamically stable molecule, 151
Propane ammoxidation, 179, 180
Propane dehydrogenation (PDH), 157
catofin and oleflex, 158
Catofin PDH process, 158
Catofin PDH technology, 159
CATOFIN process, 157
Catofin vs. Oleflex process, 158
coke deposition, 159
commercial process, 157
drawbacks, 158
in Oleflex process, 159
on-purpose production routes, 156
propane, 157
STAR process, 157
Propene, 363
Propylene, 397
Propylene derivatives
ACN (see Acrylonitrile (ACN))
C 3 -based chemicals, 166
PO (see Propylene oxide (PO))
polypropylene-based materials, 166
Propylene epoxide, 134
Propylene maximization, FCC catalyst
automotive fuel demand, 100
C 2 /C 3 olefins, 100
hydrocarbon feeds, 100
hydrogen transfer, 102
petrochemicals, 100
steam/naphtha cracking, 100
temperature
gasoline yield, 101
light olefin yield, 102
LPG yield, 101
propylene yield, 101, 102
ZSM-5, 103, 104
Propylene mode FCC technologies, 80
Propylene oxide (PO)
applications, 167
combined PO production, 167
commercial propylene oxidation
processes, 168
demand, 166
EBHP process, 168–170
global PO production, 167
HPPO process, 171, 172
industrial processes for production, 166
pathways for propylene oxidation, 173
PO/SM process, 168
polyurethane foams, 166
selective propylene oxidation, 172
silver-based catalyst, 172
solvents and miscellaneous
chemicals, 166
TBA, 168
TBHP process, 168–170
uses, 166
Propylene production
combined refinery processes, 153
FCC, 154, 155
FCC-based process, 156
propylene value chain, 153
steam cracking process, 153
through OCT process, 161
TSC process, 153–154
ZSM-5 loading in propylene yield, 155
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
(PEMFC), 416–418, 423, 425
Pseudotetrahedral, 686
Pt-based CO combustion promoters, 87
Pt/HBEA catalyst, 512
Pt/SAPO-11 catalyst, 511
Pyridine bis(imine) (PBI), 693
Pyrolysis, 402, 514
Pyrrolo[2,1‐a] isoquinolines, 285, 286
PΛO chelation-based system, 692
Q
Quench labeling, 701
Quench reactors, 577
R
Radical functionalization, 255
Radioactive element, 701
Rate expression, 344
Reactant/intermediate/product
species, 362
Reactants, 356
Reaction species, 359
Index