745
Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) process
catalytic life cycle, 354, 355
hydrocarbon pool mechanism, 507, 508
hydrocarbons, 507
nanoporous zeolite catalysts, 355
oxonium ylide mechanism, 509
SAPO-34, 507, 508, 520
structure-property-performance, 355
supply-demand gap, 355
synergistic and symbiotic approach, 355
Methyl acrylate (MA), 692
Methyl alcohol, 559
Methylalumoxanes, 681
Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 647
Methyl laurate, 518
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), 620
Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), 97, 111,
169, 170
2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF),
280, 282
MgCl 2 -supported Ti-based catalyst, 700, 701
Microchannel reactors
CFD model, 438
channel designs, 439–442
velocity contours, 438–441
velocity vector profiles, 439–441
Micro-meso zeolites, 118
Microreactor design types, 436
Microreactors, 434
Microreactors fabrication
advantages, 434, 435
channels, 434
configuration, 434
design, 434
disadvantages, 434, 435
materials, 434
micro-/nanotechnology, 434
silicon, 435–437
Microreactors technology, see Fischer-Tropsch
(FT) synthesis
Microwave-assisted C–H activation reactions
advantages, 290
arylamines, 291
azoles and aryl halides, 296
benzimidazole C–H bond, 296
bromostyrenes, 293
C 5 -H arylation of L-histidine, 291, 292
Cu-catalysed C–H alkylation, azoles, 293, 295
3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 291, 293
indolizinone, 296
isoquinolines, 295, 296
oligopeptides, 297
organic synthesis, 290
2,4-oxadiazoles, aryl iodides, 294
Pd and Cu catalysts, 295
polymers, 291, 292
quinoline N-oxides, aryl halides, 294
quinolizinone moieties, 296
thermal heat, 290
thiazole derivatives, 291, 292
thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazolin-9(8h)-one and
aryl iodides, 294
transition metal catalysis, 297
Mineral acids, 113
Mineral oils, 391
Mixed matrix membranes, 607
Mobil’s Isomerization DeWaxing
(MIDW), 391
Modern chemistry, 255
Modified catalytic cracking processes, 78, 79
MOFs-based membranes, 397
MOFs-based oxidizing catalysts, 396
Molecular hydrogen, 622
Molecular sieves, clean fuel production
CO 2 conversion, 519, 520
hydrocarbons (see Hydrocarbons)
vegetable oils/biomass, 516–519
Molecular weight distribution, 700
Molybdate-based commercial catalysts, 177
Molybdenum carbide, 236–239
Molybdenum carbide species (Mo 2 C), 238, 239
Monoethanolamine (MEA), 605, 647
Monometallic catalysts, 424
Monometallic complex, 678–680
Moving bed gasifier (MBG), 404
Mo/Zeolite catalyst, 235–239, 244–247
MS specifications, 111
MTO catalyst
acid density, 362
acid sites, 360, 363
aluminosilicate molecular, 355
cage/cavity/pockets shape and
size, 357–359
chemical species, 363
crystallinity and defects, 359, 360
crystal size, 360, 361
hydrothermal stability, 363, 364
intermediates, 367
mesoporosity, 364–365
performance, 365–367
physicochemical properties, 363
pore size, 356, 357
reactants, 356
reaction mechanism, 367, 368
SAR, 363
zeolite crystallites, 356
Multicomponent antimonate-based
ammoxidation catalyst, 179
Index
Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) process
catalytic life cycle, 354, 355
hydrocarbon pool mechanism, 507, 508
hydrocarbons, 507
nanoporous zeolite catalysts, 355
oxonium ylide mechanism, 509
SAPO-34, 507, 508, 520
structure-property-performance, 355
supply-demand gap, 355
synergistic and symbiotic approach, 355
Methyl acrylate (MA), 692
Methyl alcohol, 559
Methylalumoxanes, 681
Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 647
Methyl laurate, 518
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), 620
Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), 97, 111,
169, 170
2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF),
280, 282
MgCl 2 -supported Ti-based catalyst, 700, 701
Microchannel reactors
CFD model, 438
channel designs, 439–442
velocity contours, 438–441
velocity vector profiles, 439–441
Micro-meso zeolites, 118
Microreactor design types, 436
Microreactors, 434
Microreactors fabrication
advantages, 434, 435
channels, 434
configuration, 434
design, 434
disadvantages, 434, 435
materials, 434
micro-/nanotechnology, 434
silicon, 435–437
Microreactors technology, see Fischer-Tropsch
(FT) synthesis
Microwave-assisted C–H activation reactions
advantages, 290
arylamines, 291
azoles and aryl halides, 296
benzimidazole C–H bond, 296
bromostyrenes, 293
C 5 -H arylation of L-histidine, 291, 292
Cu-catalysed C–H alkylation, azoles, 293, 295
3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 291, 293
indolizinone, 296
isoquinolines, 295, 296
oligopeptides, 297
organic synthesis, 290
2,4-oxadiazoles, aryl iodides, 294
Pd and Cu catalysts, 295
polymers, 291, 292
quinoline N-oxides, aryl halides, 294
quinolizinone moieties, 296
thermal heat, 290
thiazole derivatives, 291, 292
thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazolin-9(8h)-one and
aryl iodides, 294
transition metal catalysis, 297
Mineral acids, 113
Mineral oils, 391
Mixed matrix membranes, 607
Mobil’s Isomerization DeWaxing
(MIDW), 391
Modern chemistry, 255
Modified catalytic cracking processes, 78, 79
MOFs-based membranes, 397
MOFs-based oxidizing catalysts, 396
Molecular hydrogen, 622
Molecular sieves, clean fuel production
CO 2 conversion, 519, 520
hydrocarbons (see Hydrocarbons)
vegetable oils/biomass, 516–519
Molecular weight distribution, 700
Molybdate-based commercial catalysts, 177
Molybdenum carbide, 236–239
Molybdenum carbide species (Mo 2 C), 238, 239
Monoethanolamine (MEA), 605, 647
Monometallic catalysts, 424
Monometallic complex, 678–680
Moving bed gasifier (MBG), 404
Mo/Zeolite catalyst, 235–239, 244–247
MS specifications, 111
MTO catalyst
acid density, 362
acid sites, 360, 363
aluminosilicate molecular, 355
cage/cavity/pockets shape and
size, 357–359
chemical species, 363
crystallinity and defects, 359, 360
crystal size, 360, 361
hydrothermal stability, 363, 364
intermediates, 367
mesoporosity, 364–365
performance, 365–367
physicochemical properties, 363
pore size, 356, 357
reactants, 356
reaction mechanism, 367, 368
SAR, 363
zeolite crystallites, 356
Multicomponent antimonate-based
ammoxidation catalyst, 179
Index