729
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65021-6
A
Aalborg mass flow controller, 442
Acetic acid, 627
Acetone, 194
Acetone hydrogenation, 194, 195
Acid catalyst, 113
Acid-catalyzed aromatic alkylation, 112
Acid density, 362
Acidic catalyst, 121
Acidity, 8
Acid site density, 366
Acid sites, 360, 362, 363, 367
Acrylic acid, 628–630
commodity acrylic esters, 181
crude acrylic acid, 180–181
detergent polymers, 181
global acrylic acid market, 181, 182
polyacrylic acids, 181
production
bio-based acrylic acid production, 182
from propane, 185, 188–190
from propylene by catalyzed
oxidation, 183–187
lactic acid-based acrylic acid
production process, 182
liquid-liquid extraction, 184
oxidation of acrolein, 183
prices, acrylic acid, 182
propylene to acrylic acid, 188
routes, 182, 183
unsaturated carboxylic acids, 180
Acrylonitrile (ACN)
acetylene-based production process, 175
annual production, 174
applications, 174
catalytic cycle, 177
chemical structure, 173
chemicals, 173
commercial production, 173, 174
commercial propylene ammoxidation
process, 176
commercial SOHIO process, 175
dehydrogenation of propionitrile, 174
ethylene cyanohydrin process, 174
1
st
-generation commercial ammoxidation
catalyst, 177, 178
nitrile group, 173
nitrosation of propylene, 174
primary end uses, 173
SOHIO process, 175
synthesis, 174
Active carbon species, 342
Additive coke, 98
Additives/modifiers, 59, 67, 220, 223
boric and phosphoric acids, 39
boron loading, 37, 38
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 41
CoMo/Al 2 O 3 , 38
CoMo/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, 40
CoMo-based nanoalumina-supported HDS
catalysts, 39
elements/metals, 37
fluoride and boron addition, 37
fluorinated alumina, 41
gallium-modified catalysts, 39
HDT/HDS catalysts, 37
mesoporous nanoalumina, 39
nanostructured mesoporous alumina, 39
NiMo/Al-HMS-P catalyst, 38
NiMo-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, 40
NiMo/USY zeolite catalysts, 39
NiMo–citrate complex, 39
Index
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65021-6
A
Aalborg mass flow controller, 442
Acetic acid, 627
Acetone, 194
Acetone hydrogenation, 194, 195
Acid catalyst, 113
Acid-catalyzed aromatic alkylation, 112
Acid density, 362
Acidic catalyst, 121
Acidity, 8
Acid site density, 366
Acid sites, 360, 362, 363, 367
Acrylic acid, 628–630
commodity acrylic esters, 181
crude acrylic acid, 180–181
detergent polymers, 181
global acrylic acid market, 181, 182
polyacrylic acids, 181
production
bio-based acrylic acid production, 182
from propane, 185, 188–190
from propylene by catalyzed
oxidation, 183–187
lactic acid-based acrylic acid
production process, 182
liquid-liquid extraction, 184
oxidation of acrolein, 183
prices, acrylic acid, 182
propylene to acrylic acid, 188
routes, 182, 183
unsaturated carboxylic acids, 180
Acrylonitrile (ACN)
acetylene-based production process, 175
annual production, 174
applications, 174
catalytic cycle, 177
chemical structure, 173
chemicals, 173
commercial production, 173, 174
commercial propylene ammoxidation
process, 176
commercial SOHIO process, 175
dehydrogenation of propionitrile, 174
ethylene cyanohydrin process, 174
1
st
-generation commercial ammoxidation
catalyst, 177, 178
nitrile group, 173
nitrosation of propylene, 174
primary end uses, 173
SOHIO process, 175
synthesis, 174
Active carbon species, 342
Additive coke, 98
Additives/modifiers, 59, 67, 220, 223
boric and phosphoric acids, 39
boron loading, 37, 38
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 41
CoMo/Al 2 O 3 , 38
CoMo/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, 40
CoMo-based nanoalumina-supported HDS
catalysts, 39
elements/metals, 37
fluoride and boron addition, 37
fluorinated alumina, 41
gallium-modified catalysts, 39
HDT/HDS catalysts, 37
mesoporous nanoalumina, 39
nanostructured mesoporous alumina, 39
NiMo/Al-HMS-P catalyst, 38
NiMo-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, 40
NiMo/USY zeolite catalysts, 39
NiMo–citrate complex, 39
Index