2.3 Relationships Among Water Resources …
53
Table 2.4 Relationship
among water resources
management systems: annual
average and annual/seasonal
Timing
Management system
Annual average Medium- and long-term water supply and
demand plan system
Water resources allocation system
Water function zone system
Groundwater management system
Total water volume control system
Quota management system
Total pollutant discharge volume control
system
Management system for discharge outlet into
water body
Water abstraction permit system, water
resources fee system
Annual/seasonal Metric charging system
Water-saving system
Planned water use system
Overcharge for exceeding-plan/quota use
Total water volume control system
Quota management system
Elaborated by the author
for the point activities includes the water resources justification system, the quota
management system, the management system for discharge outlets into water bodies,
the water abstraction permit system, the water resources fee system, the metric
charging system, the water-saving system, the planned water use system, and the
overcharge for plan/quota-exceeding use. The management systems for the activities in an area involve the medium- and long-term water supply and demand planning
system, the water resources allocation system, the water function zone system, the
groundwater management system, the total water volume control system, and the
total pollutant discharge volume control system.
In fact, the macro (area)-management consists of the total control of a region
or river basin. The micro (point)-management is the management of every individual water-related behavior within the area. Therefore, water resources management should integrate both micro- and macro-issues. With the changes in water issues,
China is gradually transitioning its focus from micro-level issues to macro-level
problems (Table 2.5).
2.3.5 Technical Review and Administrative Management
The technical review and administrative management are identified from the traits of
the system. Generally, the technical review system provides services and supports for
the administrative management system, which directly intervenes in water resources
53
Table 2.4 Relationship
among water resources
management systems: annual
average and annual/seasonal
Timing
Management system
Annual average Medium- and long-term water supply and
demand plan system
Water resources allocation system
Water function zone system
Groundwater management system
Total water volume control system
Quota management system
Total pollutant discharge volume control
system
Management system for discharge outlet into
water body
Water abstraction permit system, water
resources fee system
Annual/seasonal Metric charging system
Water-saving system
Planned water use system
Overcharge for exceeding-plan/quota use
Total water volume control system
Quota management system
Elaborated by the author
for the point activities includes the water resources justification system, the quota
management system, the management system for discharge outlets into water bodies,
the water abstraction permit system, the water resources fee system, the metric
charging system, the water-saving system, the planned water use system, and the
overcharge for plan/quota-exceeding use. The management systems for the activities in an area involve the medium- and long-term water supply and demand planning
system, the water resources allocation system, the water function zone system, the
groundwater management system, the total water volume control system, and the
total pollutant discharge volume control system.
In fact, the macro (area)-management consists of the total control of a region
or river basin. The micro (point)-management is the management of every individual water-related behavior within the area. Therefore, water resources management should integrate both micro- and macro-issues. With the changes in water issues,
China is gradually transitioning its focus from micro-level issues to macro-level
problems (Table 2.5).
2.3.5 Technical Review and Administrative Management
The technical review and administrative management are identified from the traits of
the system. Generally, the technical review system provides services and supports for
the administrative management system, which directly intervenes in water resources