Mano, J. F., Silva, G. A., Azevedo, H. S., Malafaya, P. B., Sousa, R.
A., Silva, S. S. et al. (2007). Natural origin biodegradable systems
in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: Present status and
some moving trends. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 999–
1030. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.0220.
Marcheto, P., Ataide, H. H., Masson, M. L. F., Pelizer, L. H., Pereira,
C. H. C, & Sendão, M. C. (2008). Avaliação das partes
desperdiçadas de alimentos no setor de hortifruti visando seu
reaproveitamento. Rev Simbio-Logias, 1(2), 1–14. Retrieved May
15,
2020,
from
https://www.ibb.unesp.br/Home/ensino/
departamentos/educacao/revistasimbio-logias/avaliacao_partes_
desperdi_347adas_alimentos_setor.pdf.
Marjan, N., Khodaiyan, F., Seyed, H., & Mousavim, M. (2016).
Improvement of chitosan production from persian gulf shrimp waste
by response surface methodology. Food Hydrocolloids, 59, 50–58.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.08.027.
Martínez, R. M., Mezquita, P. C., Bermúdez, P., & Muñoz, R. B.
(2012). Use of food wastes for the production of lactic silage.
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 55, 115–126. https://
doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132012000100015.
Matharu, R. K., Ciric, L., & Edirisinghe, M. (2018). Nanocomposites:
Suitable alternatives as antimicrobial agents. Nanotechnology, 29
(28), 282001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aabbff.
McGhee, J. D., & von Hippel, P. H. (1975). Formaldehyde as a probe of
DNA structure. I. Reaction with exocyclic amino groups of DNA bases.
Biochem, 14, 1281–1296. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00677a029.
Mclellan, J., Thornhill, S. G., Shelton, S., & Kumar, M. (2019).
Biofilms, hydrogels and keratin-based biofibers as a biopolymer
protein (pp. 187–200). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-03002901-2.
Miteluț, A. C., Tănase, E. E., Popa, V. I, & Popa, M. E. (2015).
Sustainable alternative for food packaging: Chitosan biopolymer - a
review. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 4(2), 52–61. Retrieved May 10,
2020, from http://www.agrolifejournal.usamv.ro/pdf/vol.IV_2/Art9.
pdf.
Mohammad, H. L., Shaimaa, F. M., Nahla, E. A., & Kristiina, O.
(2012). Chitosan/rice straw nanofibers nanocomposites preparation,
mechanical, and dynamic thermomechanical properties. Journal of
Applied Polymer Science, 125, 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.36606.
Moraes, A. S. L., Massola, C. P., Saccoccio, E. M., Silva, D. P., &
Guimarães, Y. B. T. (2017). Brazilian scenario of production and
use of densified biomass. IPT Magazine Technologies Innovations,
1(4), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622032115.
Morin-Crini, N., Lichtfouse, E., Torri, G., & Crini, G. (2019).
Applications of chitosan in food, pharmaceuticals, medicine,
cosmetics, agriculture, textiles, pulp and paper, biotechnology,
and environmental chemistry. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 17,
1667–1692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00904-x.
Moro, T. M. A., Ascheri, J. L. R., Ortiz, J. A. R., Carvalho, C. W. P., &
Melendez-Arévalo, A. (2017). Bioplastics of native starches
reinforced with passion fruit peel. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 10, 1798–1808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-017-1944-x.
Mujtaba, M., Morsi, R. E., Garry, K., Maher, Z. E., Murat, K., Labidi,
J., et al. (2019). Current advancements in chitosan-based film
production for food technology; A review. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 121, 889–904. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijbiomac.2018.10.109.
Müller, C. M. O., Laurindo, J. B., & Yamashita, F. (2011). Effect of
nanoclay incorporation method on mechanical and water vapor
barrier properties of starch-based films. Industrial Crops and
Products,
33,
605–610.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S198167232012005000014.
Müller, M., Valášek, P., & Ruggiero, A. (2017). Strength characteristics of untreated short-fibre composites from the plant
Enseteventricosum. BioResources, 12(1), 255–269. https://doi.org/
10.15376/biores.12.1.255-269.
Muralidharan, V., Arokianathan, M. S., Madhan Balaraman, M., &
Palanivel, S. (2020). Tannery trimming waste based biodegradable
bioplastic: Facile synthesis and characterization of properties.
Polymer
Testing,
81,
106250.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
polymertesting.2019.106250.
Nevena, K., Vera, L., & Duput, D. (2012). Improvement of mechanical
properties of chitosan film. Journal on Processing and Energy in
Agriculture, 158, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.
02.027.
Nugroho, A. A., & Basito, R. B. K. (2013). Study of making tapioca
edible film by effect of addition of pectin to several types of banana
skin on physical and mechanical characteristics. Food Technicians
Journal 2(1), 73–79. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from www.
ilmupagan.fp.uns.ac.id.
Oktavia, C. R., Efendi, V. S., & Johan. (2015). Effect of chitosan
addition on some characteristics of sago-based starch (FRL) environmental films (Metroxylon sp.). Journal of Agricultural Science
and Technology, 14, 9–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007%
2Fs13197-018-3214-y.
Oluwasina, O. O., Olaleye, F. K., Olusegun, S. J., & Mohallem, N.
D. S. (2019). Influence of oxidized starch on physicomechanical,
thermal properties, and atomic force micrographs of cassava starch
bioplastic film. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 135, 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.
05.150.
Paetau, I., Chen, C. Z., & Jane, J. (1994). Biodegradable plastic made
from soybean products. II. Effects of cross-linking and cellulose
incorporation on mechanical properties and water absorption.
Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation, 2, 211–217.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067447.
Paixão, L. C., Raposo, A. K. S., Rocha, A. A., Brito, H. L., Lopes, I.
A., & Santos, D. M. et al. (2019). Development and characterization
of bioplastic pectin films with the addition of dry coco-da-Baia
mesocarp fibers (Cocos nucifera). Brazilian Journal of Development, 5, 19395–19412. DOI: https://doi:10.34117/bjdv5n10-166.
Pan, Y., Huang, X., Shi, X., Zhan, Y., Fan, G., & Pan, S. (2015).
Antimicrobial application of nanofibrous mats self-assembled with
quaternized chitosan and soy protein isolate. Carbohydrate Polymers, 133, 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.019.
Pavoni, J. M. F., Luchese, C. L., & Tessaro, I. C. (2019). Impact of acid
type for chitosan dissolution on the characteristics and biodegradability of cornstarch/chitosan based films. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 138, 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijbiomac.2019.07.089.
Perotti, G. F., Tronto, J., Bizeto, M. A., Izumi, C. M. S., Temperini, M.
L. A., Lugão, A. B., et al. (2014). Biopolymer-clay nanocomposites:
Cassava starch and synthetic clay cast films. Journal of the
Brazilian Chemical Society, 25, 320–330. https://doi.org/10.5935/
0103-5053.20130300.
Pickering, K. L., Efendy, M. A., & Le, T. M. (2016). A review of recent
developments in natural fiber composites and their mechanical
performance. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 83, 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.08.
038.
Picó, Y., & Barceló, D. (2019). Analysis and prevention of microplastics pollution in water: current perspectives and future directions.
ACS Omega, 4, 6709–6719. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.
9b00222.
Piñeros-Hernandez, D., Medina-Jaramillo, C., López-Córdoba, A., &
Goyanes, S. (2017). Edible cassava starch films carrying rosemary
antioxidant extracts for potential use as active food packaging. Food
Hydrocolloids, 63, 488–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.
2016.09.034.
Bioconversion of Food Waste into Bioplastics
295
A., Silva, S. S. et al. (2007). Natural origin biodegradable systems
in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: Present status and
some moving trends. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 999–
1030. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.0220.
Marcheto, P., Ataide, H. H., Masson, M. L. F., Pelizer, L. H., Pereira,
C. H. C, & Sendão, M. C. (2008). Avaliação das partes
desperdiçadas de alimentos no setor de hortifruti visando seu
reaproveitamento. Rev Simbio-Logias, 1(2), 1–14. Retrieved May
15,
2020,
from
https://www.ibb.unesp.br/Home/ensino/
departamentos/educacao/revistasimbio-logias/avaliacao_partes_
desperdi_347adas_alimentos_setor.pdf.
Marjan, N., Khodaiyan, F., Seyed, H., & Mousavim, M. (2016).
Improvement of chitosan production from persian gulf shrimp waste
by response surface methodology. Food Hydrocolloids, 59, 50–58.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.08.027.
Martínez, R. M., Mezquita, P. C., Bermúdez, P., & Muñoz, R. B.
(2012). Use of food wastes for the production of lactic silage.
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 55, 115–126. https://
doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132012000100015.
Matharu, R. K., Ciric, L., & Edirisinghe, M. (2018). Nanocomposites:
Suitable alternatives as antimicrobial agents. Nanotechnology, 29
(28), 282001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aabbff.
McGhee, J. D., & von Hippel, P. H. (1975). Formaldehyde as a probe of
DNA structure. I. Reaction with exocyclic amino groups of DNA bases.
Biochem, 14, 1281–1296. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00677a029.
Mclellan, J., Thornhill, S. G., Shelton, S., & Kumar, M. (2019).
Biofilms, hydrogels and keratin-based biofibers as a biopolymer
protein (pp. 187–200). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-03002901-2.
Miteluț, A. C., Tănase, E. E., Popa, V. I, & Popa, M. E. (2015).
Sustainable alternative for food packaging: Chitosan biopolymer - a
review. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 4(2), 52–61. Retrieved May 10,
2020, from http://www.agrolifejournal.usamv.ro/pdf/vol.IV_2/Art9.
pdf.
Mohammad, H. L., Shaimaa, F. M., Nahla, E. A., & Kristiina, O.
(2012). Chitosan/rice straw nanofibers nanocomposites preparation,
mechanical, and dynamic thermomechanical properties. Journal of
Applied Polymer Science, 125, 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.36606.
Moraes, A. S. L., Massola, C. P., Saccoccio, E. M., Silva, D. P., &
Guimarães, Y. B. T. (2017). Brazilian scenario of production and
use of densified biomass. IPT Magazine Technologies Innovations,
1(4), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622032115.
Morin-Crini, N., Lichtfouse, E., Torri, G., & Crini, G. (2019).
Applications of chitosan in food, pharmaceuticals, medicine,
cosmetics, agriculture, textiles, pulp and paper, biotechnology,
and environmental chemistry. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 17,
1667–1692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00904-x.
Moro, T. M. A., Ascheri, J. L. R., Ortiz, J. A. R., Carvalho, C. W. P., &
Melendez-Arévalo, A. (2017). Bioplastics of native starches
reinforced with passion fruit peel. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 10, 1798–1808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-017-1944-x.
Mujtaba, M., Morsi, R. E., Garry, K., Maher, Z. E., Murat, K., Labidi,
J., et al. (2019). Current advancements in chitosan-based film
production for food technology; A review. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 121, 889–904. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijbiomac.2018.10.109.
Müller, C. M. O., Laurindo, J. B., & Yamashita, F. (2011). Effect of
nanoclay incorporation method on mechanical and water vapor
barrier properties of starch-based films. Industrial Crops and
Products,
33,
605–610.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S198167232012005000014.
Müller, M., Valášek, P., & Ruggiero, A. (2017). Strength characteristics of untreated short-fibre composites from the plant
Enseteventricosum. BioResources, 12(1), 255–269. https://doi.org/
10.15376/biores.12.1.255-269.
Muralidharan, V., Arokianathan, M. S., Madhan Balaraman, M., &
Palanivel, S. (2020). Tannery trimming waste based biodegradable
bioplastic: Facile synthesis and characterization of properties.
Polymer
Testing,
81,
106250.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
polymertesting.2019.106250.
Nevena, K., Vera, L., & Duput, D. (2012). Improvement of mechanical
properties of chitosan film. Journal on Processing and Energy in
Agriculture, 158, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.
02.027.
Nugroho, A. A., & Basito, R. B. K. (2013). Study of making tapioca
edible film by effect of addition of pectin to several types of banana
skin on physical and mechanical characteristics. Food Technicians
Journal 2(1), 73–79. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from www.
ilmupagan.fp.uns.ac.id.
Oktavia, C. R., Efendi, V. S., & Johan. (2015). Effect of chitosan
addition on some characteristics of sago-based starch (FRL) environmental films (Metroxylon sp.). Journal of Agricultural Science
and Technology, 14, 9–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007%
2Fs13197-018-3214-y.
Oluwasina, O. O., Olaleye, F. K., Olusegun, S. J., & Mohallem, N.
D. S. (2019). Influence of oxidized starch on physicomechanical,
thermal properties, and atomic force micrographs of cassava starch
bioplastic film. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 135, 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.
05.150.
Paetau, I., Chen, C. Z., & Jane, J. (1994). Biodegradable plastic made
from soybean products. II. Effects of cross-linking and cellulose
incorporation on mechanical properties and water absorption.
Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation, 2, 211–217.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067447.
Paixão, L. C., Raposo, A. K. S., Rocha, A. A., Brito, H. L., Lopes, I.
A., & Santos, D. M. et al. (2019). Development and characterization
of bioplastic pectin films with the addition of dry coco-da-Baia
mesocarp fibers (Cocos nucifera). Brazilian Journal of Development, 5, 19395–19412. DOI: https://doi:10.34117/bjdv5n10-166.
Pan, Y., Huang, X., Shi, X., Zhan, Y., Fan, G., & Pan, S. (2015).
Antimicrobial application of nanofibrous mats self-assembled with
quaternized chitosan and soy protein isolate. Carbohydrate Polymers, 133, 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.019.
Pavoni, J. M. F., Luchese, C. L., & Tessaro, I. C. (2019). Impact of acid
type for chitosan dissolution on the characteristics and biodegradability of cornstarch/chitosan based films. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 138, 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijbiomac.2019.07.089.
Perotti, G. F., Tronto, J., Bizeto, M. A., Izumi, C. M. S., Temperini, M.
L. A., Lugão, A. B., et al. (2014). Biopolymer-clay nanocomposites:
Cassava starch and synthetic clay cast films. Journal of the
Brazilian Chemical Society, 25, 320–330. https://doi.org/10.5935/
0103-5053.20130300.
Pickering, K. L., Efendy, M. A., & Le, T. M. (2016). A review of recent
developments in natural fiber composites and their mechanical
performance. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 83, 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.08.
038.
Picó, Y., & Barceló, D. (2019). Analysis and prevention of microplastics pollution in water: current perspectives and future directions.
ACS Omega, 4, 6709–6719. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.
9b00222.
Piñeros-Hernandez, D., Medina-Jaramillo, C., López-Córdoba, A., &
Goyanes, S. (2017). Edible cassava starch films carrying rosemary
antioxidant extracts for potential use as active food packaging. Food
Hydrocolloids, 63, 488–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.
2016.09.034.
Bioconversion of Food Waste into Bioplastics
295