515
PFASs role
environmental factors, 312
insulin resistance, 311–312
NAFLD, 310–311
obesity, 309–310
obesogens, 312
T2D, 310
Metabolism, 44, 370–371
Micelles delivery systems, 433
Mineralocorticoid, 16
Mineralocorticoid replacement, 79
Miniemulsion polymerization, 419
Mitochondria, 58, 350
AMP-activated protein, 60
electron transport, 59
electrons, 59
fission and fusion, 61
functional and dysfunctional, 60
NADH2/FADH2, 59
oxidative stress, 59, 62
role, 58
ROS, 59
transcriptional factor, 60
Mitochondrial dynamics, 61
Mitochondrial dysfunction, 62, 129, 152, 350
Mitochondrial fusion process, 61
Mitochondrial involvement
cardiovascular diseases, 64
diabetes, 63
insulin resistance, 63
obesity, 62
stroke, 64
T2DM, 63
Mitophagy, 61
Modified fasting, 447
Moringa, 483
Mycotoxins, 382
See also Aflatoxins (AFs)
Myxedema coma, 25
N
Nanocarriers, 431
Nanoparticles (NPs)
abdominal obesity and fat tissue, 433
advantages, 410, 411
application, 430, 431
biological system, 410
blood pressure, 434
characterization, 425
chemical stability, 424
definition, 410
diagnosis, 410
drug delivery systems, 410
drug loading, 429
drug release, 429, 430
fabrication, materials, 412 (see also NPs
fabrication)
formulation, 412
inflammation, 434
limitations, 411
lyophilization, 425
metabolic syndrome, 431
nanocarriers role
diabetes and blood glucose, 432
triglycerides and HDL blood, 432
pharmacokinetic, 410
physical stability, 423
physicochemical characteristics
particle size (see Particle size, NPs)
surface charge, 428–429
surface hydrophobicity, 429
separation techniques, 423
virus-based, 412
Nanoprecipitation method, 414, 415
Nanospheres, 412, 414, 416, 435
Nanotechnology, 410
National agriculture policies, 292
Natural pesticides, 292
Neurodegenerative disorders, 61
Neuroinflammatory response, 90
Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-related peptide (NPY/
AgRP) neurons, 259
Neuropsychiatric disorders, 91
Nicotine, 345, 349
Nitrogenous RFs, 225
Nodular goitre, 100
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),
84, 86, 310, 498
lifestyle management, 87
lipid homeostasis and cholesterol, 87
lipid metabolism, 86
Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), 86
Nosolog, 70
NPs fabrication
coacervation phase separation, 417–418
dialysis, 423
emulsification-solvent diffusion, 415
emulsification-solvent evaporation method,
412, 413
nanoprecipitation method, 414, 415
polymerization
aqueous continuous phase
technique, 418–419
emulsion method, 418
interfacial, 419
Index
PFASs role
environmental factors, 312
insulin resistance, 311–312
NAFLD, 310–311
obesity, 309–310
obesogens, 312
T2D, 310
Metabolism, 44, 370–371
Micelles delivery systems, 433
Mineralocorticoid, 16
Mineralocorticoid replacement, 79
Miniemulsion polymerization, 419
Mitochondria, 58, 350
AMP-activated protein, 60
electron transport, 59
electrons, 59
fission and fusion, 61
functional and dysfunctional, 60
NADH2/FADH2, 59
oxidative stress, 59, 62
role, 58
ROS, 59
transcriptional factor, 60
Mitochondrial dynamics, 61
Mitochondrial dysfunction, 62, 129, 152, 350
Mitochondrial fusion process, 61
Mitochondrial involvement
cardiovascular diseases, 64
diabetes, 63
insulin resistance, 63
obesity, 62
stroke, 64
T2DM, 63
Mitophagy, 61
Modified fasting, 447
Moringa, 483
Mycotoxins, 382
See also Aflatoxins (AFs)
Myxedema coma, 25
N
Nanocarriers, 431
Nanoparticles (NPs)
abdominal obesity and fat tissue, 433
advantages, 410, 411
application, 430, 431
biological system, 410
blood pressure, 434
characterization, 425
chemical stability, 424
definition, 410
diagnosis, 410
drug delivery systems, 410
drug loading, 429
drug release, 429, 430
fabrication, materials, 412 (see also NPs
fabrication)
formulation, 412
inflammation, 434
limitations, 411
lyophilization, 425
metabolic syndrome, 431
nanocarriers role
diabetes and blood glucose, 432
triglycerides and HDL blood, 432
pharmacokinetic, 410
physical stability, 423
physicochemical characteristics
particle size (see Particle size, NPs)
surface charge, 428–429
surface hydrophobicity, 429
separation techniques, 423
virus-based, 412
Nanoprecipitation method, 414, 415
Nanospheres, 412, 414, 416, 435
Nanotechnology, 410
National agriculture policies, 292
Natural pesticides, 292
Neurodegenerative disorders, 61
Neuroinflammatory response, 90
Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-related peptide (NPY/
AgRP) neurons, 259
Neuropsychiatric disorders, 91
Nicotine, 345, 349
Nitrogenous RFs, 225
Nodular goitre, 100
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),
84, 86, 310, 498
lifestyle management, 87
lipid homeostasis and cholesterol, 87
lipid metabolism, 86
Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), 86
Nosolog, 70
NPs fabrication
coacervation phase separation, 417–418
dialysis, 423
emulsification-solvent diffusion, 415
emulsification-solvent evaporation method,
412, 413
nanoprecipitation method, 414, 415
polymerization
aqueous continuous phase
technique, 418–419
emulsion method, 418
interfacial, 419
Index