495
Bioactive Compounds Against EDCs Induced Hypertension
Amaranth oil has an effect on biomarkers of hypertension and result in reduction of
LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides [55]. This change in composition is conducted
by replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats. Cocoa enriched with polyphenols
also possesses blood pressure lowering activity [56, 57]. The polyphenols in cocoa
are responsible for endothelial function, platelet inhibition, and thus reduction in
blood pressure through nitric oxide signaling [58, 59]. The improved endothelium
function produces a reduction in blood pressure especially caused by polyphenols
in dark chocolate. Administration of potassium supplementation reduces blood
pressure in potassium deficient hypertensive patients. Stimulation of Na
+
/K
+
ATPase
in smooth muscles and adrenergic nerve terminals triggers vasodilation, therefore,
potassium is considered as an effective mediator of increased blood pressure [60–
62]. Lycopene found in tomatoes are effective in management of hypertension.
Lycopene is an antioxidant which inactivates free radicals, improving endothelium
function and reducing low density lipoproteins susceptibility to oxidation [60].
Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid also plays role in reduction of blood pressure through
improved endothelial function carried out by scavenging free radicals within vasculatures [59]. However, combination of vitamin C with antihypertensive amlodipine
gives more favorable result than amlodipine itself [63]. Vitamin E found in spinach,
almonds, and sunflower seeds also possesses antihypertensive property through
increase in intracellular magnesium level [64]. The lower blood pressure may be
due to the magnesium induced diarrhea and hypovolemia. It also enhances diuretic
effect by restoring potassium and magnesium in body [54]. Table 28.2 describes the
summary of sources, proposed mechanisms of action, and therapeutic properties of
various bioactive compounds used in hypertension.
Effect of Bioactive Compounds Against EDC’s Induced
Obesity
Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation characterized by body mass index of
greater or equal to 30 kg/m
2
is termed as Obesity [65]. There are certain chemicals
called obesogens that disrupt normal metabolism after entering the body. The connection between hormones and receptors is blocked by endocrine disrupting
chemicals. EDCs result in changing the sensitivity to glucose and metabolism of
lipids. These changes predispose a person to gain weight [66].
Bioactive Compounds for Treatment of EDCs Induced Obesity
There are numerous bioactive compounds proved to be effective measures for the
management of EDCs induced obesity.
28 Bioactive Compounds for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders
Bioactive Compounds Against EDCs Induced Hypertension
Amaranth oil has an effect on biomarkers of hypertension and result in reduction of
LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides [55]. This change in composition is conducted
by replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats. Cocoa enriched with polyphenols
also possesses blood pressure lowering activity [56, 57]. The polyphenols in cocoa
are responsible for endothelial function, platelet inhibition, and thus reduction in
blood pressure through nitric oxide signaling [58, 59]. The improved endothelium
function produces a reduction in blood pressure especially caused by polyphenols
in dark chocolate. Administration of potassium supplementation reduces blood
pressure in potassium deficient hypertensive patients. Stimulation of Na
+
/K
+
ATPase
in smooth muscles and adrenergic nerve terminals triggers vasodilation, therefore,
potassium is considered as an effective mediator of increased blood pressure [60–
62]. Lycopene found in tomatoes are effective in management of hypertension.
Lycopene is an antioxidant which inactivates free radicals, improving endothelium
function and reducing low density lipoproteins susceptibility to oxidation [60].
Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid also plays role in reduction of blood pressure through
improved endothelial function carried out by scavenging free radicals within vasculatures [59]. However, combination of vitamin C with antihypertensive amlodipine
gives more favorable result than amlodipine itself [63]. Vitamin E found in spinach,
almonds, and sunflower seeds also possesses antihypertensive property through
increase in intracellular magnesium level [64]. The lower blood pressure may be
due to the magnesium induced diarrhea and hypovolemia. It also enhances diuretic
effect by restoring potassium and magnesium in body [54]. Table 28.2 describes the
summary of sources, proposed mechanisms of action, and therapeutic properties of
various bioactive compounds used in hypertension.
Effect of Bioactive Compounds Against EDC’s Induced
Obesity
Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation characterized by body mass index of
greater or equal to 30 kg/m
2
is termed as Obesity [65]. There are certain chemicals
called obesogens that disrupt normal metabolism after entering the body. The connection between hormones and receptors is blocked by endocrine disrupting
chemicals. EDCs result in changing the sensitivity to glucose and metabolism of
lipids. These changes predispose a person to gain weight [66].
Bioactive Compounds for Treatment of EDCs Induced Obesity
There are numerous bioactive compounds proved to be effective measures for the
management of EDCs induced obesity.
28 Bioactive Compounds for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders