216
4. Verma N, Kaur G. Chapter 2 - trends on biosensing systems for heavy metal detection. In:
Scognamiglio V, Rea G, Arduini F, Palleschi G, editors. Comprehensive analytical chemistry,
vol. 74. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2016. p. 33–71.
5. Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ. Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Experientia Suppl. 2012;101:133–64.
6. Engwa GA, Ferdinand PU, Nwalo FN, Unachukwu MN. Mechanism and health effects of
heavy metal toxicity in humans. In: Karcioglu O, Arslan B, editors. Poisoning in the modern
world-new tricks for an old dog? London: Intechopen; 2019.
7. Jarup L, Berglund M, Elinder CG, Nordberg G, Vahter M. Health effects of cadmium exposure-a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998;24(Suppl
1):1–51.
8. Huang Y, He C, Shen C, Guo J, Mubeen S, Yuan J, et al. Toxicity of cadmium and its health
risks from leafy vegetable consumption. Food Funct. 2017;8(4):1373–401.
9. Schwartz GG, Reis IM. Is cadmium a cause of human pancreatic cancer? Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Am Soc Prev Oncol. 2000;9(2):139–45.
10. Kumari A. Chapter 1 - glycolysis. In: Kumari A, editor. Sweet biochemistry. Cambridge:
Academic Press; 2018. p. 1–5.
11. Veramendi J, Fernie AR, Leisse A, Willmitzer L, Trethewey RN. Potato hexokinase 2 complements transgenic Arabidopsis plants deficient in hexokinase 1 but does not play a key role in
tuber carbohydrate metabolism. Plant Mol Biol. 2002;49(5):491–501.
12. Sabir S, Akash MSH, Fiayyaz F, Saleem U, Mehmood MH, Rehman K. Role of cadmium and
arsenic as endocrine disruptors in the metabolism of carbohydrates: inserting the association
into perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;114:108802.
13. Sastry KV, Subhadra K. Effect of cadmium on some aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in a
freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Toxicol Lett. 1982;14(1):45–55.
14. Cicik B, Engin K. The effects of cadmium on levels of glucose in serum and glycogen
reserves in the liver and muscle tissues of Cyprinus carpio (L., 1758). Turk J Vet Animal Sci.
2005;29:113–7.
15. De la Torre FR, Salibian A, Ferrari L. Biomarkers assessment in juvenile Cyprinus carpio
exposed to waterborne cadmium. Environ Pollut. 2000;109(2):277–82.
16. Romero-Ruiz A, Amezcua O, Rodriguez-Ortega MJ, Munoz JL, Alhama J, Rodriguez-Ariza
A, et al. Oxidative stress biomarkers in bivalves transplanted to the Guadalquivir estuary after
Aznalcollar spill. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003;22(1):92–100.
17. Barata C, Lekumberri I, Vila-Escale M, Prat N, Porte C. Trace metal concentration, antioxidant
enzyme activities and susceptibility to oxidative stress in the tricoptera larvae Hydropsyche
exocellata from the Llobregat river basin (NE Spain). Aquat Toxicol. 2005;74(1):3–19.
18. Ma W, Wang L, He Y, Yan Y. Tissue-specific cadmium and metallothionein levels in freshwater
crab Sinopotamon henanense during acute exposure to waterborne cadmium. Environ Toxicol.
2008;23(3):393–400.
19. Fang Y, Yang H, Wang T, Liu B, Zhao H, Chen M. Metallothionein and superoxide dismutase
responses to sublethal cadmium exposure in the clam Mactra veneriformis. Comp Biochem
Physiol Toxicol Pharmacol: CBP. 2010;151(3):325–33.
20. Ramirez-Bajo MJ, de Atauri P, Ortega F, Westerhoff HV, Gelpi JL, Centelles JJ, et al. Effects
of cadmium and mercury on the upper part of skeletal muscle glycolysis in mice. PloS One.
2014;9(1):e80018.
21. Li L, Tian X, Yu X, Dong S. Effects of acute and chronic heavy metal (Cu, Cd, and Zn) exposure on sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). BioMed Res Int. 2016;2016:13.
22. Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. New York: WH Freeman; 2012.
23. Luo B, Groenke K, Takors R, Wandrey C, Oldiges M. Simultaneous determination of multiple
intracellular metabolites in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle
by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2007;1147(2):153–64.
K. Irshad et al.
4. Verma N, Kaur G. Chapter 2 - trends on biosensing systems for heavy metal detection. In:
Scognamiglio V, Rea G, Arduini F, Palleschi G, editors. Comprehensive analytical chemistry,
vol. 74. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2016. p. 33–71.
5. Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ. Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Experientia Suppl. 2012;101:133–64.
6. Engwa GA, Ferdinand PU, Nwalo FN, Unachukwu MN. Mechanism and health effects of
heavy metal toxicity in humans. In: Karcioglu O, Arslan B, editors. Poisoning in the modern
world-new tricks for an old dog? London: Intechopen; 2019.
7. Jarup L, Berglund M, Elinder CG, Nordberg G, Vahter M. Health effects of cadmium exposure-a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998;24(Suppl
1):1–51.
8. Huang Y, He C, Shen C, Guo J, Mubeen S, Yuan J, et al. Toxicity of cadmium and its health
risks from leafy vegetable consumption. Food Funct. 2017;8(4):1373–401.
9. Schwartz GG, Reis IM. Is cadmium a cause of human pancreatic cancer? Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Am Soc Prev Oncol. 2000;9(2):139–45.
10. Kumari A. Chapter 1 - glycolysis. In: Kumari A, editor. Sweet biochemistry. Cambridge:
Academic Press; 2018. p. 1–5.
11. Veramendi J, Fernie AR, Leisse A, Willmitzer L, Trethewey RN. Potato hexokinase 2 complements transgenic Arabidopsis plants deficient in hexokinase 1 but does not play a key role in
tuber carbohydrate metabolism. Plant Mol Biol. 2002;49(5):491–501.
12. Sabir S, Akash MSH, Fiayyaz F, Saleem U, Mehmood MH, Rehman K. Role of cadmium and
arsenic as endocrine disruptors in the metabolism of carbohydrates: inserting the association
into perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;114:108802.
13. Sastry KV, Subhadra K. Effect of cadmium on some aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in a
freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Toxicol Lett. 1982;14(1):45–55.
14. Cicik B, Engin K. The effects of cadmium on levels of glucose in serum and glycogen
reserves in the liver and muscle tissues of Cyprinus carpio (L., 1758). Turk J Vet Animal Sci.
2005;29:113–7.
15. De la Torre FR, Salibian A, Ferrari L. Biomarkers assessment in juvenile Cyprinus carpio
exposed to waterborne cadmium. Environ Pollut. 2000;109(2):277–82.
16. Romero-Ruiz A, Amezcua O, Rodriguez-Ortega MJ, Munoz JL, Alhama J, Rodriguez-Ariza
A, et al. Oxidative stress biomarkers in bivalves transplanted to the Guadalquivir estuary after
Aznalcollar spill. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003;22(1):92–100.
17. Barata C, Lekumberri I, Vila-Escale M, Prat N, Porte C. Trace metal concentration, antioxidant
enzyme activities and susceptibility to oxidative stress in the tricoptera larvae Hydropsyche
exocellata from the Llobregat river basin (NE Spain). Aquat Toxicol. 2005;74(1):3–19.
18. Ma W, Wang L, He Y, Yan Y. Tissue-specific cadmium and metallothionein levels in freshwater
crab Sinopotamon henanense during acute exposure to waterborne cadmium. Environ Toxicol.
2008;23(3):393–400.
19. Fang Y, Yang H, Wang T, Liu B, Zhao H, Chen M. Metallothionein and superoxide dismutase
responses to sublethal cadmium exposure in the clam Mactra veneriformis. Comp Biochem
Physiol Toxicol Pharmacol: CBP. 2010;151(3):325–33.
20. Ramirez-Bajo MJ, de Atauri P, Ortega F, Westerhoff HV, Gelpi JL, Centelles JJ, et al. Effects
of cadmium and mercury on the upper part of skeletal muscle glycolysis in mice. PloS One.
2014;9(1):e80018.
21. Li L, Tian X, Yu X, Dong S. Effects of acute and chronic heavy metal (Cu, Cd, and Zn) exposure on sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). BioMed Res Int. 2016;2016:13.
22. Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. New York: WH Freeman; 2012.
23. Luo B, Groenke K, Takors R, Wandrey C, Oldiges M. Simultaneous determination of multiple
intracellular metabolites in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle
by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2007;1147(2):153–64.
K. Irshad et al.