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S. H. Sadeghi and E. Sharifi Moghadam
Fig. 3 Pictorial demonstration of food, energy, and water nexus (after [3])
analytical framework for integrated scientific analysis. The nexus, while providing
a comprehensive understanding of the unintended aftermaths of policies, technologies, and practices, is a multidimensional tool for scientific inquiry that desires to
delineate the complexity and nonlinearity of anthropogenic interactions [34]. In fact,
resolutions which are based the nexus-wide applications are likely to prepare better
outcomes in comparison with individual elements [54]. Applying a nexus approach in
order to enhance water resources stability in energy and food supply chains is considered as a propitious approach. A nexus conceptualization can also give the transition
to a green economy, which collaboratively aims to increase resource skillfulness and
outstanding policy cohesiveness. Communication in the growing demand between
resources (e.g., water for energy and energy for water) is another important characteristic, which refers to possibilities and synergies to increase the overall efficiency of
resource use and perhaps transposition between assets. Accordingly, Hoff [33] made
it clear that established policy and decision-making on the ground therefore need a
way of approaching that reduces trade and creates synergies between sectors. Nexus
approaches in cities include integrated framework planning for water, wastewater,
and energy. Cities need to develop strategies with their inland areas and watersheds
by providing agricultural products as well as reprocessing waste, e.g., by descending
water uses (i.e., reusing lower-quality water for aims that need lower water quality)
and by enhancing nexus approaches through peri-urban agriculture and landscaping.
According to the findings of Hoff [33], the target of nexus reasoning is to magnify
the mutuality of water, energy, and food security and natural sources that construct
the water, soil and land security. It also tries to identify integration and determine
liabilities for enhancing resource productivity, greater policy consistency and integrated natural resources management. According to Kattelus et al. [37], statements
enhanced interconnectedness recognition between the sectors, lead to enhanced cobenefits across sectors and scales for further mutual trust and goals. Previous studies
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