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9.6.3 Boundaries
In nature strong boundaries exists to achieve functional separations and transitions between different
systems. Between different phenomena there is the area of interaction from one zone to the other. A
good example is the wall of a plant cell, a thick structure where the flow in and out of the cell is controlled. Yet, the plant cell wall creates a definite boundary between itself and other cells in a multicellular structure. Another example is the landscape of a river (Fig. 9.10), where the banks of the river
Fig. 9.8 Structure of biological organisation evident in the levels of scale as noted in the structures of a tree. (Drawing
by Jesse Delmo, synthesised by Roös)
9.6 Fifteen Fundamental Properties
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