Table 16.1
(continued)
Bioactivities
Gedunin/Derivatives
Experimental model
Efficacy
References
Insect growth
inhibitory
Gedunin
In vitro bioassay with the gram pod borer,
Helicoverpa armigera
(Hubner) and the
Asian armyworm larvae, Spodoptera litura
(Fabricius)
H. armigera:
50.8 ppm
a
S. litura:
40.4 ppm
a
Koul et al.
(2003)
In vitro bioassay with Anopheles
stephensi’s
larvae, pupae and adult
0.1 ppm
b
Larval mortality: 55–67%
Pupal mortality:
61.6
± 5.9%
Adult mortality:
61.0
± 5.9%
Nathan et al.
(2005)
In vitro bioassay with fall armyworm
larvae
8.0 ppm
b
with 17% larvae
survival
Céspedes
et al. (2000)
Photogedunin acetate
In vitro bioassay with fall armyworm
larvae
10.0 ppm
b
with 50% larvae
survival
Céspedes
et al. (2000)
Photogedunin epimeric
In vitro bioassay with the gram pod borer,
Helicoverpa armigera
(Hubner) and the
Asian armyworm larvae, Spodoptera litura
(Fabricius)
H. armigera:
24.2 ppm
a
S. litura:
21.5 ppm
a
Koul et al.
(2003)
6b-hydroxygedunin
In vitro bioassay with Anopheles
stephensi’s
larvae, pupae and adult
0.1 ppm
b
Larval mortality: 78–94%
Pupal mortality:
84.3
± 7.6%
Adult mortality:
87.5
± 8.5%
Nathan et al.
(2005)
a
50% inhibitory dose;
b
Dose with highest reported efficacy;
c
Half maximal effective concentration;
d
Effective dose for 50% of sample population
574
Y. S. Ong et al.